Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon
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The Right Honourable The Earl of Avon KG MC PC |
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| Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | |
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In office 6 April 1955 – 10 January 1957 |
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| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Preceded by | Sir Winston Churchill |
| Succeeded by | Harold Macmillan |
| Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | |
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In office 26 October 1951 – 6 April 1955 |
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| Prime Minister | Sir Winston Churchill |
| Preceded by | Herbert Morrison |
| Succeeded by | Rab Butler |
| Leader of the Conservative Party | |
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In office 6 April 1955 – 10 January 1957 |
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| Preceded by | Sir Winston Churchill |
| Succeeded by | Harold Macmillan |
| Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 28 October 1951 – 7 April 1955 |
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| Prime Minister | Sir Winston Churchill |
| Preceded by | Herbert Morrison |
| Succeeded by | Harold Macmillan |
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In office 22 December 1940 – 26 July 1945 |
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| Prime Minister | Winston Churchill |
| Preceded by | The Viscount Halifax |
| Succeeded by | Ernest Bevin |
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In office 22 December 1935 – 20 February 1938 |
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| Prime Minister | |
| Preceded by | Sir Samuel Hoare, Bt |
| Succeeded by | The Viscount Halifax |
| Leader of the House of Commons | |
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In office November 1942 – 26 July 1945 |
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| Prime Minister | Winston Churchill |
| Preceded by | Sir Stafford Cripps |
| Succeeded by | Herbert Morrison |
| Secretary of State for War | |
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In office 11 May 1940 – 22 December 1940 |
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| Prime Minister | Winston Churchill |
| Preceded by | Oliver Stanley |
| Succeeded by | David Margesson |
| Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs | |
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In office 3 September 1939 – 14 May 1940 |
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| Prime Minister |
Neville Chamberlain
Winston Churchill |
| Preceded by | Sir Thomas Inskip |
| Succeeded by | The Viscount Caldecote |
| Lord Privy Seal | |
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In office June 1934 – 7 June 1935 |
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| Prime Minister | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Preceded by | Stanley Baldwin |
| Succeeded by | The Marquess of Londonderry |
| Member of Parliament for Warwick and Leamington |
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In office 6 December 1923 – 10 January 1957 |
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| Preceded by | Ernest Pollock |
| Succeeded by | John Hobson |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Robert Anthony Eden 12 June 1897 Windlestone Hall, Rushyford, County Durham, England |
| Died | 14 January 1977 (aged 79) Alvediston, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England |
| Resting place | Churchyard of St Mary's, Alvediston |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse(s) |
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| Children |
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| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
| Profession | Member of Parliament |
| Religion | Anglican |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
 United Kingdom
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| Service/branch |
 British Army
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| Years of service | 1915–1919, 1920–1923, 1939 |
| Rank | Major |
| Unit |
King's Royal Rifle Corps Durham Light Infantry |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards | Military Cross |
| a. ^ Office vacant from 6 April 1955 to 13 July 1962. | |
Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC (12 June 1897 – 14 January 1977) was a British Conservative politician who served three periods as Foreign Secretary and then a relatively brief term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1955 to 1957.
Achieving rapid promotion as a young Member of Parliament, he was Foreign Secretary at the age of 38, before resigning in protest at Neville Chamberlain's appeasement policy towards Mussolini's Italy. He again held that position for most of the Second World War, and a third time in the early 1950s. Having been Winston Churchill's deputy for almost 15 years, he succeeded him as Prime Minister in 1955, and a month later won a general election.
His worldwide reputation as an opponent of appeasement, a "Man of Peace", and a skilled diplomat was overshadowed in 1956 when the United States refused to support the Anglo-French military response to the Suez Crisis, which critics across party lines regarded as an historic setback for British foreign policy, signalling the end of British predominance in the Middle East. Most historians argue that he made a series of blunders, especially not realising the depth of U.S. opposition to military action. Two months after ordering an end to the Suez operation he resigned as Prime Minister on grounds of ill health, and because he was widely suspected of having misled the House of Commons over the degree of "collusion" with France and Israel.
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