Anne of Schweidnitz
| Anna of Świdnica | |
|---|---|
| Holy Roman Empress; Queen consort of Germany and Bohemia | |
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| Tenure | 1353–1362 |
| Born | c. 1339 Świdnica |
| Died | 11 July 1362 (aged 22 or 23) Prague, Bohemia |
| Spouse | Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Issue |
Wenceslaus, King of the Romans Elisabeth of Bohemia |
| House |
House of Luxembourg House of Piast |
| Father | Henry II of Świdnica |
| Mother | Katharina of Hungary |
Anna of Schweidnitz (Świdnica) (also known as Anne or Anna of Świdnica,Czech: Anna Svídnická, Polish: Anna Świdnicka, German: Anna von Schweidnitz und Jauer) (Świdnica, 1339 – 11 July 1362 in Prague) was Queen of Bohemia, German Queen, and Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. She was the third wife of Emperor Charles IV.
Anne was the daughter of Polish Duke Henry II of Świdnica-Jawor from the Silesian branch of the Piast dynasty. Her mother was Katherine of Hungary, the daughter of Charles I of Hungary. In his autobiography written in Latin, which covers only his youth prior to getting married to Anna, emperor Charles mentions civitatem Swidnitz and dux Swidnicensis, as depicted in the coat of arms room of his Wenzelschloss castle at Lauf an der Pegnitz near Nuremberg.
Anne's father died when she was four years old, and her childless uncle, Bolko II, Duke of Świdnica-Jawor became her guardian. She was brought up and educated by her mother at Visegrád in Hungary. At the age of 11, Anne had been promised to Wenceslaus, newborn son and successor to Charles IV. After the infant Wenceslaus and his mother Anna of the Palatinate died, the now-widowed Emperor asked to marry Anne himself. The planned marriage was part of the strategies devised by Charles and his then-deceased father John to gain control of the Piast Duchies of Silesia as vedlejší země ("neighboring countries") for the Kingdom of Bohemia. Anne's uncle, Louis of Hungary, the future King of Poland, was able to assist her by renouncing his rights to Świdnica in favor of the House of Luxemburg.
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