Angloromani
| Angloromani | |
|---|---|
| Pogadi Chib | |
| Native to | United Kingdom, Australia, United States, South Africa |
|
Native speakers
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Angloromani words still used among some of the UK's 90,000 Romnichal (date missing) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | |
| Glottolog | angl1239 |
Angloromani or Anglo-Romani (literally "English Romani"; also known as Angloromany, Rummaness, or Pogadi Chib) is a language combining aspects of English and Romani, which is a language spoken by the Romani people; an ethnic group who trace their origins to the Indian subcontinent. Angloromani is spoken in the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States and South Africa.
'Anglo-Romani' is a term used to describe usage of words of Romani origin within English conversation. The original Romani language was spoken in England until the late nineteenth century; perhaps a generation longer in Wales. It was replaced by English as the everyday and family language of British Romani, but this does not mean the language disappeared entirely. Words of Romani origin were still used as part of a family-language. Words which are occasionally inserted into English conversation are referred to in linguistic literature on Romani as 'Para-Romani': the selective retention of some Romani-derived vocabulary following the disappearance of Romani as an everyday language of conversation.
Anglo-Romani is thus used as an evocative vocabulary rather than a language in the strict sense. It is used within the framework of Gypsy-English conversation and English sentences, with Gypsy specific English grammar and pronunciation, thus: The mush was jalling down the drom with his gry. means 'The man was walking down the road with his horse.'
Edinburgh slang also contains a large number of Romani-derived words. A few words, like (originally 'brother'), (originally 'Romanichal boy', cognate with Chavo in Romani proper), (originally 'candy apple') have entered common English usage.
A document from about the 17th century titled the Winchester confessions indicates that British Romani was itself a dialect of the northern branch of Romani sharing a close similarity to Welsh Romani. However, the language in a modern context has deteriorated from the Indic-based vocabulary, morphology, and influences from Greek and other Balkan languages of the seventeenth century to a Para-Romani dialect typical of modern Anglo-Romani with sentence endings influenced by English, while Welsh Romani retains the original grammatical system.
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