Alvdal is a municipality in Hedmark county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Alvdal.

Alvdal (along with the eastern part of Folldal municipality) was separated from the municipality of Tynset to become a municipality of its own in 1864. The western part of Folldal was transferred from Dovre (in Oppland county) to Alvdal (and Hedmark county) in 1884. Folldal was separated from the municipality of Alvdal in 1914.

The Rørosbane railway line passes through Alvdal.

The Old Norse form of the name was (øfri) Elfardalr (meaning "(upper) river valley"). The first element is the genitive case of elfr which means "river" (here the Glomma river) and the last element is dalr which means "valley" or "dale".

Prior to 1918, the municipality was called Lille-Elvdalen ("the small Elvdalen") to distinguish it from Store Elvedalen ("the big Elvedalen") which is now called Stor-Elvdal.

The coat-of-arms is from modern times. They were granted on 25 November 1988. The arms show the front ends of two silver skis on a blue background. They represent the history and importance of skiing in the area.

(See also Skien and Trysil)

Alvdal is bordered by Tynset to the north, Rendalen to the east and south, Stor-Elvdal to the south, and Folldal to the west. The highest mountain in the municipality is Storsølnkletten at 1,827 metres (5,994 ft) tall.

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