Alfred Adams Wheat (June 13, 1867 – March 11, 1943) was a United States federal judge.
Born in Nashua, New Hampshire, Wheat received an A.B. from Dartmouth College in 1889 and an LL.B. from Columbian University in 1891. He was in private practice in New York City from 1893 to 1922. He was a special assistant to U.S. Attorney General from 1922 to 1929, and was Acting Solicitor General of the United States in 1929.
On April 18, 1929, Wheat was nominated by President Herbert Hoover to a new seat on the United States District Court for the District of Columbia created by 45 Stat. 1056. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 3, 1929, and received his commission the same day. On May 14, 1930, Hoover elevated Wheat to the position of Chief Judge of that court (a position that required a separate presidential appointment at that time), which had been vacated by Walter I. McCoy. Wheat was again confirmed by the United States Senate on June 4, 1930, and received his commission the same day. He assumed senior status on December 31, 1941, serving in that capacity until his death, in Washington, D.C.