Herbert Hoover
| Herbert Hoover | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 31st President of the United States | |
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In office March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933 |
|
| Vice President | Charles Curtis |
| Preceded by | Calvin Coolidge |
| Succeeded by | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| 3rd United States Secretary of Commerce | |
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In office March 5, 1921 – August 21, 1928 |
|
| President |
Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge |
| Preceded by | Joshua W. Alexander |
| Succeeded by | William F. Whiting |
| Director of the U.S. Food Administration | |
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In office August 21, 1917 – November 16, 1918 |
|
| President | Woodrow Wilson |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Herbert Clark Hoover August 10, 1874 West Branch, Iowa, U.S. |
| Died | October 20, 1964 (aged 90) New York City, U.S. |
| Resting place |
Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum West Branch, Iowa |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Lou Henry (m. 1899; d. 1944) |
| Children | Herbert Jr. and Allan |
| Residence | Stanford, California, U.S. |
| Education | |
| Profession | |
| Religion | Quaker |
| Signature |  |
| The Hoover Cabinet | ||
|---|---|---|
| Office | Name | Term |
| President | Herbert Hoover | 1929–1933 |
| Vice President | Charles Curtis | 1929–1933 |
| Secretary of State | Frank B. Kellogg | 1929 |
| Henry L. Stimson | 1929–1933 | |
| Secretary of Treasury | Andrew Mellon | 1929–1932 |
| Ogden L. Mills | 1932–1933 | |
| Secretary of War | James W. Good | 1929 |
| Patrick J. Hurley | 1929–1933 | |
| Attorney General | William D. Mitchell | 1929–1933 |
| Postmaster General | Walter F. Brown | 1929–1933 |
| Secretary of the Navy | Charles Francis Adams III | 1929–1933 |
| Secretary of the Interior | Ray L. Wilbur | 1929–1933 |
| Secretary of Agriculture | Arthur M. Hyde | 1929–1933 |
| Secretary of Commerce | Robert P. Lamont | 1929–1932 |
| Roy D. Chapin | 1932–1933 | |
| Secretary of Labor | James J. Davis | 1929–1930 |
| William N. Doak | 1930–1933 | |
| Supreme Court Appointments by President Herbert Hoover | ||
|---|---|---|
| Position | Name | Term |
| Chief Justice | Charles Evans Hughes | 1930–1941 |
| Associate Justice | Owen Roberts | 1930–1945 |
| Benjamin N. Cardozo | 1932–1938 | |
 National Press Club Luncheon Speakers, Herbert Hoover, March 10, 1954, 37:23, Hoover speaks starting at 7:25 about the second reorganization commission, Library of Congress
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Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st President of the United States from 1929 to 1933. A Republican, as Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s he introduced Progressive Era themes of efficiency in the business community and provided government support for standardization, efficiency and international trade. As president from 1929 to 1933, his ambitious programs were overwhelmed by the Great Depression, that seemed to get worse every year despite the increasingly large-scale interventions he made in the economy. He was defeated in a landslide in 1932 by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, and spent the rest of his life as a conservative denouncing big government, liberalism and federal intervention in economic affairs, as Democrats repeatedly used his Depression record to attack conservatism and justify more regulation of the economy.
A lifelong Quaker, he became a successful mining engineer around the globe and retired in 1912. In the First World War he built an international reputation as a humanitarian by leading relief efforts in Belgium during the war, and in Eastern Europe afterwards. He headed the U.S. Food Administration during World War I. His reputation as a Progressive businessman fighting for efficiency and elimination of waste was built as the Secretary of Commerce 1921-28. Hoover was a leader in the Efficiency Movement, which held that every institution public and private was riddled with unsuspected inefficiencies. They all could be improved by experts who could identify the problems and solve them. He also believed in the importance of volunteerism and of the role of individuals in society and the economy. In the presidential election of 1928, Hoover easily won the Republican nomination, despite having no elected-office experience. Although Hoover never raised the religious issue, some of his supporters did in mobilizing anti-Catholic sentiment against his opponent Al Smith. Hoover won in a landslide.
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Wikipedia