Alexander John Cuza
| Alexandru Ioan Cuza | |
|---|---|
Alexandru Ioan Cuza, lithography by Josef Kriehuber, 1861
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| Domnitor of Romania | |
| Reign | 5 February 1862 – 22 February 1866 |
| Predecessor | Title created |
| Successor | Carol I |
| Prince of Moldavia | |
| Reign | 5 January 1859 – 5 February 1862 |
| Predecessor | Grigore Alexandru Ghica |
| Successor | Title abandoned |
| Prince of Wallachia | |
| Reign | 24 January 1859 – 5 February 1862 |
| Predecessor | Barbu Știrbei |
| Successor | Title abandoned |
| Born |
20 March 1820 Bârlad, Moldavia
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| Died | 15 May 1873 (aged 53) Heidelberg, Germany
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| Burial | Three Holy Hierarchs Church, Iași |
| Spouse | Elena Cuza (née Rosetti) |
| Issue |
Sașa Cuza Dimitrie Cuza |
| House | Cuza |
| Father | Ioan Cuza |
| Mother | Sultana Cuza (née Cozadini) |
| Religion | Romanian Orthodox |
| Signature |  |
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Styles of Alexandru Ioan Cuza |
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| Reference style | His Royal Highness |
| Spoken style | Your Royal Highness |
| Alternative style | Sir |
Alexandru Ioan Cuza (pronounced [alekˈsandru iˈo̯an ˈkuza], or Alexandru Ioan I, also anglicised as Alexander John Cuza; 20 March 1820 – 15 May 1873) was Prince of Moldavia, Prince of Wallachia, and later Domnitor (ruler) of the Romanian Principalities. He was a prominent figure of the Revolution of 1848 in Moldavia. He initiated a series of reforms that contributed to the modernization of Romanian society and of state structures.
Born in Bârlad, Cuza belonged to the traditional boyar class in Moldavia, being the son of Ispravnic Ioan Cuza (who was also a landowner in Fălciu County) and his wife Sultana (or Soltana), a member of the Cozadini family of Phanariote origins. Alexander received an urbane European education, becoming an officer in the Moldavian Army (rising to the rank of colonel). He married Elena Rosetti in 1844. In 1848, known as the year of European revolutions, Moldavia and Wallachia fell into revolt. The Moldavian unrest was quickly suppressed, but in Wallachia the revolutionaries took power and governed during the summer (see 1848 Wallachian revolution). Young Cuza played a prominent enough part so as to establish his liberal credentials during the Moldavian episode and to be shipped to Vienna as a prisoner, where he made his escape with British support.
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