Alba Calderón
| Alba Calderón | |
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| Born | Alba Calderón Zatizábal July 27, 1908 Esmeraldas, Ecuador |
| Died | 1992 (aged 83–84) Guayaquil, Ecuador |
| Occupation | Painter |
| Nationality | Ecuadorian |
| Genre | Social realism |
| Spouse | Enrique Gil Gilbert |
Alba Calderón de Gil (1908–1992) was an Ecuadorian social realist painter, leftist activist, and feminist. She founded the movement for the recognition of women's rights in Ecuador.
Alba Calderón was born in Esmeraldas and died in Guayaquil.
In 1933 Alba Calderón was introduced to the novelist Enrique Gil Gilbert of the "Guayaquil Group" by Demetrio Aguilera Malta. Calderón married Gil Gilbert in 1934. Gil Gilbert's best friend and fellow social realist writer Joaquín Gallegos Lara was the best man at the ceremony.
Calderón and Gil Gilbert had two sons: Enrique Gil Calderon, a choral director, and Antonio Gil Calderon, a doctor and businessman.
In 1953 the Communist Party of Ecuador sent Alba Calderón as a delegate to the Third Congress of the International Federation of Women, to fight for peace and the defense of women and children. She then organized the Union of Women of Guayas, for which she was elected Secretary General, while Aurora Estrada was elected its president, and Blanca Arce de Salcedo its vice president. In 1958 she helped numerous Cuban refugees, and traveled to Cuba twice soon after the Cuban Revolution. Between 1961-1963 she was the Provincial Counselor of Guayas during the presidency of Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy. But during the dictatorship of 1963 the government arrested several leaders and members of the communist party, and Alba Calderon had to go into exile in Chile. Her husband Gil Gilbert, who was a high-ranking member of the communist party, was imprisoned for 15 months, and her son Enrique and his family had to go into hiding. The Union of Women of Guayas got dissolved at this time, but years later its members founded the United Front of Women, with Ana Abad de Monroy as its president, whose purpose was the development of women in the historic framework of Ecuador.
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