Alauddin Johan Syah
| Alauddin Johan Syah | |
|---|---|
| Sulṭān of Acèh Darussalam | |
| Reign | 1735 - 1760 |
| Predecessor | Alauddin Ahmad Syah |
| Successor | Alauddin Mahmud Syah I |
| Born | Pocut Auk |
| Died | 1760 |
| Issue | Alauddin Mahmud Syah I |
| Dynasty | Bugis clan |
| Father | Alauddin Ahmad Syah |
| Religion | Islam |
Sultan Alauddin Johan Syah (died 1760) was the twenty-fourth sultan of Aceh in northern Sumatra. He represented the second generation of the Bugis Dynasty of Aceh and ruled from 1735 to 1760.
Originally named Pocut Auk (or Pocut Uk), the future sultan was the eldest son of the preceding Sultan Alauddin Ahmad Syah. When the latter died in May or June 1735 the succession became contested. At this time, dynastic succession was not automatically from father to eldest son but was dependent on the approval of the three sagis (regions) of the kingdom. A previous sultan, Jamal ul-Alam Badr ul-Munir who had been deposed and exiled in 1726, now came forward and claimed the throne. Since Jamal ul-Alam was a sayyid, descendant of the Prophet, he carried a certain prestige. However, Purbawangsa, panglima (headman) of the XXV Mukims, one of the three Acehnese sagis, proclaimed Pocut Auk under the throne name Sultan Alauddin Johan Syah. Jamal ul-Alam was ensconced in the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque in the capital but was shot at from the fortress and withdrew to Kampong Jawa. While the XXII Mukims and XXV Mukims supported Sultan Alauddin Johan Syah, the XXVI Mukims supported Jamal ul-Alam.
The following civil war has been described in circumstantial detail in the Acehnese epic Hikayat Pocut Muhammad. The hero of the story, Pocut Muhammad, was the youngest brother of Sultan Alauddin. In spite of the sultan's admonitions not to attack a descendant of the Prophet, Pocut Muhammad went to Pidië and collected troops. His efforts were successful, and he returned to the area of the capital with a large army. Jamal ul-Alam was attacked at Kampong Jawa and suffered a complete defeat. By dressing in women's cloths he was able to sneak away, dying some time later in Kampong Kandang. Sultan Alauddin Johan Syah was now acknowledged by the three sagis. According to the various accounts, the civil war lasted for either four months or ten years. The dire economic consequences are mentioned in a Dutch report from April 1736: no ships from Aceh visited the important port town Barus in West Sumatra, "which was blamed on the demise of the king and the subsequent division of the kingdom between the son of the deceased and another one, who had previously ruled as king but had again been deposed."
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