Al-Isra
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الإسراء Surat Al-Isrāʼ The Night Journey |
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Arabic text · English translation |
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| Classification | Meccan |
| Other names | Bani Israel (Children of Israel) |
| Position | Juzʼ 15 |
| Hizb no. | 29 to 30 |
| No. of Rukus | 12 |
| No. of verses | 111 |
| No. of Sajdahs | 1 (verse 109) |
Arabic text · English translation
The Night Journey or Sūrat al-Isrāʼ (Arabic: سورة الإسراء) or Sūrat Banī Isrāʼīl (سورة بني إسرائيل) is the 17th surah of the Quran, with 111 verses. It is about Isra and the Children of Israel. This sura is a Al-Musabbihat sura because it begins with the glorification of Allah.
This surah takes its name from the first verse, which tells the story of the Isra, the transportation of Muhammad during the night to what is referred to as "the farthest Mosque". The exact location is not specified, although in Islamic Hadith this is commonly taken to be the Noble Sanctuary (Temple Mount) in Jerusalem. Some scholars disagree about this (see Isra and Mi'raj). While the city of Jerusalem (or al Quds) is not mentioned by name anywhere in the Qur'an, it is identified in various Hadith. The first verse refers to Mohammed being taken from the 'Sacred Mosque' to the 'Furthest Mosque':
Glory to (Allah) Who did take His servant for a Journey by night from the Sacred Mosque to the farthest Mosque, whose precincts We did bless,- in order that We might show him some of Our Signs: for He is the One Who heareth and seeth (all things).
It is generally agreed upon that the 'Furthest Mosque' refers to Masjid al-Aqsa in Jerusalem and the 'Sacred Mosque' refers to Masjid al-Haram. The surah also refers to the other prophets, for example, Musa (Moses).
This Meccan surah was revealed in the last year before the Hijra. Like all the Meccan surah it stresses the oneness of Allah, the authority of the prophets. However, the primary theme of the Surah is salah (daily prayers), whose number is said to have been fixed at five during the Miraj which it alludes to. In addition, the Surah forbids adultery, calls for respect for father and mother, and calls for patience and control in the face of the persecutions the Muslim community was facing at the time.
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