Agent of Marine
| Superintendent of Finance of United States | |
|---|---|
| Appointer | Congress of the Confederation |
| Inaugural holder | Robert Morris |
| Formation | 1781 |
| Final holder | Robert Morris |
| Abolished | 1785 |
| Deputy | Gouverneur Morris |
Superintendent of Finance of the United States was a executive office under the Articles of Confederation have the power similar to a Finance minister. The only person to hold the office was Robert Morris, who served from 1781 to 1784, with the assistance of Gouverneur Morris.
Various board and committees were formed since June 3, 1775 to handle financial matters for the provisional government of the United States, Continental Congress. As early as 1776 dissatisfaction with board and committee system as indicated by Robert Morris in a message to a Committee of Secret Correspondence urging the use of executives.
Congress was open to other methods of finance administration. In late 1778 after the Franco-American alliance formed, a congressional appeal to Welsh finance writer Dr. Richard Price was made for him to come and reorganize their finances which he declined. In early 1779, Congress request that their European agents to look into methods of administration for war, treasury and naval departments and other offices. Nothing came from that request
Three executive departments were formed in early 1781, finance, foreign affairs and military affairs under the Articles of Confederation. The Congress of Confederation on Wednesday, February 7, 1781, formed a department of finance with its chief officer titled superintendent of finance. Robert Morris was nominated on February 20 accepted on May 14 and took the oath of office in June. Given the nation's terrible state of its financial, Congress gave him a huge grant of powers and agreed to Morris's demand to allow him to continue his private business activities. The superintendent and his assistant served as part of an informal cabinet during this end phase of the war.
Also the office of Secretary of Marine, basically a Secretary of the Navy predecessor, was formed in 1781 with Major General Alexander McDougall initially holding the position. This position was soon replaced by the office of Agent of the Marine, was also created was not directly filled, but taken on voluntarily by the Superintendent.
Morris reduced all governmental expenditures including the military. He purchased military supplies from his own money including at time by borrowing from friends or issuing notes. Accounting procedures were tightened by his direction. The States were pressed by Morris come up with the money and supplies per their quotas.
...
Wikipedia