African American English Vernacular
| African American Vernacular English | |
|---|---|
| African American English | |
| Region | United States |
| Ethnicity | African Americans |
|
Indo-European
|
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Latin (English alphabet) American Braille |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
African American Vernacular English (AAVE), also called African American English (AAE), or less precisely Black English, Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular (BEV), or Black Vernacular English (BVE), is a variety (dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of American English, spoken by urban working-class and (largely ) middle-class African Americans. It is sometimes colloquially referred to as Ebonics, a term that is avoided by linguists because of its other meanings and connotations.
It shares a large portion of its grammar and phonology with the rural dialects of the Southern United States, and especially older Southern American English. Several creolists, including William Stewart, John Dillard and John Rickford, argue that AAVE shares so many characteristics with African creole languages spoken around the world that AAVE itself may be an English-based creole language, separate from English; however, mainstream linguists maintain that there are no significant parallels, and that AAVE is a demonstrable variety of the English language, having features that can be traced back mostly to the nonstandard British English of early settlers in the Southern United States.
As with all linguistic forms, its usage is influenced by age, status, topic, and setting. There are many literary uses of AAVE, particularly in African-American literature.
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