Achillea millefolium

Achillea millefolium
Yarrow on Janče hill, Slovenia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Genus:	Achillea
Species:	A. millefolium
Binomial name
Achillea millefolium L.
Synonyms
Synonymy Achillea albida Willd. Achillea alpicola (Rydb.) Rydb. Achillea ambigua Boiss. Achillea ambigua Pollini Achillea anethifolia Fisch. ex Herder Achillea angustissima Rydb. Achillea arenicola A.Heller Achillea bicolor Wender. Achillea borealis Bong. Achillea californica Pollard Achillea ceretanica Sennen Achillea compacta Lam. Achillea coronopifolia Willd. Achillea crassifolia Colla Achillea cristata Hort. ex DC. Achillea dentifera Rchb. Achillea eradiata Piper Achillea fusca Rydb. Achillea gigantea Pollard Achillea gracilis Raf. Achillea haenkeana Tausch Achillea intermedia Schleich. Achillea lanata Lam. Achillea lanulosa Nutt. Achillea laxiflora A.Nelson Achillea laxiflora Pollard & Cockerell Achillea magna All. Achillea magna L. Achillea magna Haenke Achillea marginata Turcz. ex Ledeb. Achillea nabelekii Heimerl Achillea occidentalis (DC.) Raf. ex Rydb. Achillea ochroleuca Eichw. Achillea ossica K.Koch Achillea pacifica Rydb. Achillea palmeri Rydb. Achillea pecten-veneris Pollard Achillea pratensis Saukel & R.Länger Achillea pseudo-tanacetifolia Wierzb. ex Rchb. Achillea puberula Rydb. Achillea pumila Schur Achillea rosea Desf. Achillea setacea Schwein. Achillea sordida (W.D.J.Koch) Dalla Torre & Sarnth. Achillea subalpina Greene Achillea submillefolium Klokov & Krytzka Achillea sylvatica Becker Achillea tanacetifolia Mill. Achillea tenuifolia Salisb. Achillea tenuis Schur Achillea tomentosa Pursh 1813 not L. 1753 Achillea virgata Hort. ex DC. Achillios millefoliatus St.-Lag. Alitubus millefolium (L.) Dulac Alitubus tomentosus Dulac Chamaemelum millefolium (L.) E.H.L.Krause Chamaemelum tanacetifolium (All.) E.H.L.Krause Chamaemelum tomentosum (L.) E.H.L.Krause plus many more names for subspecies, forms, and varieties

Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow /ˈjæroʊ/ or common yarrow, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Asia, Europe, and North America. It has been introduced as a feed for livestock in places like New Zealand and Australia. However, it is a weed in those places and sometimes also in its native regions.

In New Mexico and southern Colorado, it is called plumajillo (Spanish for 'little feather') from its leaf shape and texture. In antiquity, yarrow was known as herbal militaris, for its use in stanching the flow of blood from wounds. Other common names for this species include gordaldo, nosebleed plant, old man's pepper, devil's nettle, sanguinary, milfoil, soldier's woundwort, thousand-leaf, and thousand-seal.

A. millefolium is an erect, herbaceous, perennial plant that produces one to several stems 0.2–1 m (0.66–3.28 ft) in height, and has a spreading rhizomatous growth form. Leaves are evenly distributed along the stem, with the leaves near the middle and bottom of the stem being the largest. The leaves have varying degrees of hairiness (pubescence). The leaves are 5–20 cm (2.0–7.9 in) long, bipinnate or tripinnate, almost feathery, and arranged spirally on the stems. The leaves are cauline, and more or less clasping.

The inflorescence has 4 to 9 phyllaries and contains ray and disk flowers which are white to pink. The generally 3 to 8 ray flowers are ovate to round. Disk flowers range from 15 to 40. The inflorescence is produced in a flat-topped capitulum cluster and the inflorescences are visited by many insects, featuring a generalized pollination system. The small achene-like fruits are called cypsela.

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