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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Pentane-2,4-dione
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Other names
Hacac
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Identifiers | |||
123-54-6 | |||
3D model (Jmol) |
Interactive image Interactive image |
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ChEBI | CHEBI:14750 | ||
ChEMBL | ChEMBL191625 | ||
ChemSpider | 29001 | ||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.214 | ||
KEGG | C15499 | ||
UNII | 46R950BP4J | ||
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Properties | |||
C5H8O2 | |||
Molar mass | 100.12 g·mol−1 | ||
Density | 0.975 g/mL | ||
Melting point | −23 °C (−9 °F; 250 K) | ||
Boiling point | 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K) | ||
16 g/100 mL | |||
-54.88·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Hazards | |||
EU classification (DSD)
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Harmful (Xn) | ||
R-phrases | R10, R22 | ||
S-phrases | (S2), S21, S23, S24/25 | ||
NFPA 704 | |||
Flash point | 34 °C (93 °F; 307 K) | ||
340 °C (644 °F; 613 K) | |||
Explosive limits | 2.4–11.6% | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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what is ?) | (|||
Infobox references | |||
Acetylacetone is an organic compound that exists in two tautomeric forms that interconvert rapidly and are treated as a single compound in most applications. Although the compound is formally named as the diketone form, pentane-2,4-dione, the enol form forms a substantial component of the material and is actually the favored form in many solvents. It is a colourless liquid that is a precursor to acetylacetonate (acac), a common bidentate ligand. It is also a building block for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds.
The keto and enol forms of acetylacetone coexist in solution; these forms are tautomers. The enol form has C2vsymmetry, meaning the hydrogen atom is shared equally between the two oxygen atoms. In the gas phase, the equilibrium constant, Kketo→enol, is 11.7, favoring the enol form. The two tautomeric forms can easily be distinguished by NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and other methods.
The equilibrium constant tends to remain high in nonpolar solvents; the keto form becomes more favorable in polar, hydrogen-bonding solvents, such as water. The enol form is a vinylogous analogue of a carboxylic acid.
Acetylacetone is a weak acid:
IUPAC recommended pKa values for this equilibrium in aqueous solution at 25 °C are 8.99 ± 0.04 (I = 0), 8.83 ± 0.02 (I = 0.1 M NaClO4) and 9.00 ± 0.03 (I = 1.0 M NaClO4; I = Ionic strength). Values for mixed solvents are available. Very strong bases, such as organolithium compounds, will deprotonate acetylacetone twice. The resulting dilithio species can then be alkylated at C-1.