Abdullah al-Mu'tassim Billah of Pahang
| Abdullah al-Mu'tassim Billah عبد الله المعتصم بالله |
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| Sultan of Pahang | |||||
| Reign | 1917–1932 | ||||
| Coronation | 19 June 1917 | ||||
| Predecessor | Mahmud Shah | ||||
| Successor | Abu Bakar | ||||
| Born |
12 October 1874 Royal Palace, Pekan, Pahang |
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| Died | 30 March 1944 (aged 69) | ||||
| Burial | Royal Mausoleum, Kuala Pahang | ||||
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| House | Bendahara | ||||
| Father | Ahmad al-Muadzam Shah | ||||
| Mother | Cik Kusuma binti Tok Minal Daeng Koro | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Colonel Paduka Sri Baginda Sultan Sir Abdullah al-Mu’tassim Billah Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Sir Ahmad al-Mua’azzam Shah |
Colonel Paduka Sri Baginda Sultan Abdullah al-Mu’tassim Billah Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmad al-Muadzam Shah (12 October 1874–30 March 1944) is the third Sultan of modern Pahang who ruled from 1917 to 1932.
Born at the royal palace, Pekan on 12 October 1874, Abdullah is the third son of the first Sultan of modern Pahang, Paduka Sri Baginda Al-Sultan Besar Sir Ahmad al-Muadzam Shah ibni al-Marhum Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun ‘Ali by his wife, Cik Kusuma binti Tok Minal Daeng Koro. Educated privately, he was raised to the title of Tengku (from Tun) on 5 December 1884. He succeeded on the death of his elder brother, Mahmud Shah in 1917 and installed at the Balairong Sri, Kota Istana Sri Terentang, Pekan, May 1919.
During his reign, Pahang immersed in much political changes. The British government introduced legislation and innovation in the state machinery to make the Malay states 'modern' in political and economic practices. These activities resulted from the constitutional events in the reign of Sultan Ahmad al-Muadzam Shah, namely the creation of the Federated Malay States in 1896 and the establishment of the Federal Council in 1909.
A lot of heat was generated against the effectiveness of the Rulers' participation in the Federal Council is in the reign of Sultan Abdullah. The Sultan was irked to find the increasingly Kuala Lumpur was calling in the tune, even in the affairs which he thought had nothing to do with the Federated Malay States, but only Pahang. However, he toed the line because he was dependent to a certain extent on the adequate collective funds of the Federated Malay States, Pahang stood to benefit from the wealth of Perak and Selangor.
The Sultan was mollified somewhat when during the governorship of Sir Laurence Guillemard there was intense activity to decentralise powers from the centre at Kuala Lumpur back to the individual States comprising the Federated Malay States. But he did not see the scheme materialise. Neither did his successor because the move was still going on when the Japanese invaded Malaya.
Among other reform initiated during Abdullah's reign was the abolishment of a modified form of the corvée system commonly practiced in Pahang. Beginning 1919, substantial Malay reservation areas were opened in order to ensure that land remained available to local Malays. The Sultanate Lands Enactment was promulgated in 1919, vesting certain areas in the Sultan and giving him the right to regulate the leasing and occupation of those areas.
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