2013 Camp Ashraf attack

On 1 September 2013, an attack on the Camp Ashraf refugee camp of the People's Mujahedin of Iran (PMOI/MEK), and left 52 PMOI members dead. Initially, Iraqi security forces were believed to be responsible for the assault.

On 17 December 2013, Foreign Policy magazine revealed that "U.S. intelligence officials believe that Iranian commandos took part" in the attack "and then spirited seven members of the group back to Iran." Specifically, U.S. officials say that members of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps "helped plan and direct the assault on the camp... Gunmen from two of Tehran's Iraqi-based proxies, Kata'ib Hezbollah and Asaib Ahl al-Haq, then carried out the actual attack." Regarding Iraqi involvement, a U.S. official said, "Iraqi soldiers didn't get in the way of what was happening at Ashraf, but they didn't do the shooting."