The 2010 Lokomotiv season was the 18th successive season that Lokomotiv played in the Russian Premier League, the highest tier of association football in Russia. They finished the season in 5th place, qualifying for the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League, were knocked out of the Russian Cup by Gornyak Uchaly at the Round of 32 stage, and knocked out of the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League by Lausanne-Sport on penalties at the playoff stage.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

In: Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

Out: Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

In: Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

Out: Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.