14.5×114mm

14.5×114 mm
14.5×114mm cartridge.
Type	Anti-tank rifle, Heavy machine gun
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1941–present
Used by	Soviet Union and successor states
Wars	WWII, Soviet war in Afghanistan, War on Terror, 2011 Libyan civil war, and many other conflicts
Production history
Designed	1939
Specifications
Bullet diameter	14.88 mm (0.586 in)
Neck diameter	16.5 mm (0.65 in)
Shoulder diameter	25.50 mm (1.004 in)
Base diameter	26.95 mm (1.061 in)
Rim diameter	26.95 mm (1.061 in)
Rim thickness	2.5 mm (0.098 in)
Case length	114 mm (4.5 in)
Overall length	155.80 mm (6.134 in)
Case capacity	42.53 cm3 (656.3 gr H2O)
Rifling twist	455 mm (1 in 17.91 in)
Maximum pressure	360 MPa (52,000 psi)
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy 59.7 g (921 gr) MDZ HEI 1,000 m/s (3,300 ft/s) 29,850 J (22,020 ft·lbf) 60 g (926 gr) ZP Inc.-T 1,000 m/s (3,300 ft/s) 30,000 J (22,000 ft·lbf) 64 g (988 gr) B-32 API 1,000 m/s (3,300 ft/s) 32,000 J (24,000 ft·lbf) 64.4 g (994 gr) BS AP 1,000 m/s (3,300 ft/s) 32,200 J (23,700 ft·lbf) 66.5 g (1,026 gr) KKV 1,000 m/s (3,300 ft/s) 33,250 J (24,520 ft·lbf)
Test barrel length: 1350mm (53 inches) Source(s): Post WWII Ammunition Russian Ammunition Page

The 14.5×114mm (.57 Cal) is a heavy machine gun and anti-materiel rifle cartridge used by the Soviet Union, the former Warsaw Pact, modern Russia, and other countries.

It was originally developed for the PTRS and PTRD anti-tank rifles, but was later used as the basis for the KPV heavy machine gun that formed the basis of the ZPU series anti-aircraft guns that is also the main armament of the BTR series of armoured personnel carriers from the BTR-60 to the BTR-80.

The 14.5×114mm has 42.53 ml (655 grains H₂O) cartridge case capacity. The exterior shape of the case was designed to promote reliable case feeding and extraction in bolt action rifles and machine guns alike, under extreme conditions.

14.5×114mm maximum cartridge dimensions. All dimensions in millimeters (mm).

Americans would define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 ≈ 22.50 degrees. The common rifling twist rate for this cartridge is 455 mm (1 in 17.91 in), 8 grooves, Ø lands = 14.50 mm, Ø grooves = 14.95 mm.