Émile Clapeyron
| Benoît Clapeyron | |
|---|---|
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| Born |
26 February 1799 Paris |
| Died | 28 January 1864 (aged 64) Paris |
Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron (French: [klapɛʁɔ̃]; 26 February 1799 – 28 January 1864) was a French engineer and physicist, one of the founders of thermodynamics.
Born in Paris, Clapeyron studied at the École polytechnique and the École des mines, before leaving for Saint Petersburg in 1820 to teach at the École des Travaux Publics. He returned to Paris only after the Revolution of July 1830, supervising the construction of the first railway line connecting Paris to Versailles and Saint-Germain. He married Mélanie Bazaine, daughter of Pierre-Dominique Bazaine (mathematician and ingénieur des ponts), and older sister of Pierre-Dominique (Adolphe) Bazaine (railway engineer) and Francois Achille Bazaine (Marshal of France).
In 1834, he made his first contribution to the creation of modern thermodynamics by publishing a report entitled Mémoire sur la puissance motrice de la chaleur (Memoir on the Motive Power of Heat), in which he developed the work of the physicist Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot, deceased two years before. Though Carnot had developed a compelling analysis of a generalised heat engine, he had employed the clumsy and already unfashionable caloric theory.
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