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AdvoCare


imageAdvoCare International

Coordinates: 33°00′38″N 96°40′37″W / 33.01053°N 96.676928°W / 33.01053; -96.676928

AdvoCare International, L.P. is an American company which sells nutritional supplements, weight management, energy, and sports nutrition dietary supplements using the direct selling business model. The company was founded in 1993 by Charles Ragus and employs around 250 people in the United States. Its corporate headquarters are in Plano, Texas.

The company distributes its products in the United States through a network of approximately 60,000 independent distributors, who participate in a compensation plan based on a multilevel marketing model. The name AdvoCare is short for "Advocates Who Care".

Charles Ragus founded AdvoCare in 1993, as a multi-level marketing (MLM) company that distributes health and nutrition products. Before AdvoCare, Ragus worked as a regional vice president for Fidelity Union Insurance, and as a multi-level marketing distributor for Herbalife. He had initially founded the MLM Omnitrition International in 1989. Ragus briefly played defensive end for the National Football League's Kansas City Chiefs in the 1960s. He died in 2001 at the age 58.

In May 2007, Richard H. Wright became president and CEO of AdvoCare. Wright had previously served as Chief of Staff for US Representative Jim McCrery.

AdvoCare offers more than 90 general nutrition, weight loss, energy and sports performance products including Trim, Active, Well, Performance Elite, and the 24 Day Challenge.



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Bergstrom Nutrition


Bergstrom Nutrition is a United States dietary supplement manufacturer. As of June 2015, they are the only North American manufactures of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), an ingredient utilized in dietary supplement products. Bergstrom Nutrition use proprietary technologies for the distillation and purification of MSM. This along with their extensive published safety data allowed their product to be self-affirmed as "Generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) receiving a letter of non-objection from the United States Food and Drug Administration.

Bergstrom Nutrition (originally named Cardinal Associates) was founded in 1988 by George Bergstrom and Bob Cowan, chemical engineers who worked with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2)/methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). The founders were first to introduce MSM as a dietary supplement to both the animal and human markets.

In 1998, Bergstrom Nutrition built a manufacturing facility dedicated solely to the production of MSM in Vancouver, Washington that is ISO 9001:2008 registered, FSSC 22000:2010 certified and HACCP and cGMP compliant.

Bergstrom Nutrition produces raw MSM material branded as OptiMSM (for the human market) and PurforMSM (for the animal market). OptiMSM is the only MSM designated as GRAS, receiving a Letter of Non-Objection from the FDA.



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American Health (company)


American Health Inc. is an American company that manufactures dietary supplements. It is headquartered in Ronkonkoma, New York.

American Health has at least 49 distinct products.




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Body Science


imageBody Science

Body Science is an Australian manufacturer of Sporting goods, primarily known for Compression garments. Founded on the Gold Coast, Queensland.



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Boost Buddy



Boost Buddy is an Irish supplier of personalised vitamins and minerals (multivitamins) specially targeted to Generation Y. Established in 2013 by Des Swan and John Munnelly, the company is based in Newbridge, Ireland.

Boost Buddy ran a 5-week TV advertising campaign in the UK which was broadcast on the Channel 4 network channels, such as Dave, E4, Kiss, Kerrang, Smash, Heat, Music, Box and 4Music.

A key element of Boost Buddy's offer is their packaging solution, a fully recyclable pack which Boost Buddy has developed with carton packaging company Chesapeake (Leicester and Nottingham). Boost Buddy pack acts as both a primary pack and transit case for the Boost Buddy range of multivitamins.

Boost Buddy was named finalist for the Pro-Carton ECMA European Packaging Award for Innovation.Nicorette's Pandora Box was declared winner for this category at a ceremony held in September 2013 at the ECMA Annual Congressin Dubrovnik, Croatia.

In September 2013 Boost Buddy's packaging was nominated for the SupplySide Names Editor's Choice Award 2013, under the category of Packaging Design. The award ceremony will be held at SupplySide West 2013 in November 2013 in Las Vegas.

Boost Buddy sponsors British surfer Laura Crane and the University of Warwick Basketball Club.



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DoTerra


imagedoTerra

doTerra (styled dōTERRA) is a multi-level marketing company based in Pleasant Grove, Utah that sells essential oils and other related products.

doTerra (terra is the Latin word for Earth) was founded in 2008 by David Stirling and former executives, employees, and distributors of Young Living, a company which also sells essential oils, and Nuskin. Stirling is its president and CEO.

As of 2013, doTerra reported about 450 corporate employees; 350 at the Utah headquarters, and 100 at offices in Taiwan, Japan, Europe and in Australia. As of 2016, doTERRA also listed over 3 million independent distributors and salespeople, which the company refers to as "Wellness Advocates." As a multi-level marketing organizations salespeople are expected to recruit other salespeople in order to increase their own profits.

As of 2014, the company sells over 150 products such as supplements, personal care items, and essential oils. Its products are marketed for usage in cooking, cleaning, and health. As of 2013, approximately 75% of the company's business was in the United States.

In August 2013, Young Living filed suit against doTerra for theft of trade secrets, alleging that the company had recreated their production process illegally. Chemist Robert Pappas has said the oils, which were tested by the Centre national de la recherche scientifique, did not match any oils sold by doTerra. One unintended consequence of the lawsuit between the two companies has been a court deposition by Pappas stating that Young Living and doTerra utilizes synthetic chemicals in their organic products. In October 2014 the Fourth District Court dismissed the claims made against doTERRA.

On September 22, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued an FDA Warning Letter to doTerra for marketing its products as possible treatments or cures for Ebola, cancer, autism, and other conditions in violation of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. DoTerra marketing executive McKay Brown released a statement that attempted to distance the company from claims that its “products cure or treat disease including the Ebola virus or any other disease”, and he claimed that they were working to correct marketing materials to ensure compliance with FDA regulations.



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Elysium Health


Elysium Health is a dietary supplement company founded by biologist Leonard Guarente. In February 2015, they announced a product called Basis which they state will improve cellular health. The product contains nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor to NAD+, and pterostilbene, a polyphenol found in blueberries. The supplements are formulated based on chemicals shown to lengthen the lives of mice and worms in controlled laboratory environments.

The pill contains a chemical similar to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) used in metabolic reactions. The product is not approved by the FDA and they are selling the product as a dietary supplement directly to consumers for $60 per month ($50 with a subscription).

The sole supplier of the two ingredients in Elysium Health's Basis, Chromadex, filed lawsuit against Elysium Health, Inc. for $3M in damages for nonpayment. The suit states that the executives of Elysium Health were unwilling to pay for the ingredients delivered.



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Healthspan


imageHealthspan

Healthspan is a UK mail-order supplier of vitamins, minerals and health supplements. Established by Derek Coates in 1996, the company is based at the Healthspan House on the Channel Island of Guernsey.

Healthspan Direct was founded by Derek Coates in 1996, with an initial catalog of 10 products, eventually expanding to more than 150 products including nutritional supplements, herbal range products, skincare and cosmetic products (under the Nurture name) and veterinary supplements (as VetVits). In 2001, the company was renamed Healthspan.

In 2004, the Healthspan filed a lawsuit against Healthy Direct, another health supplement supplier based in Guernsey, claiming that the company had changed its name from C.I. Nutriceuticals Ltd. in order to profit from Healthspan's brand value. The application was dismissed. In 2008, Healthspan purchased Healthy Direct in what was reported to be "an eight-figure deal", making Healthspan the UK’s biggest direct supplier of nutrition supplements.

In January 2011, it was reported Coates was exploring the possibility of selling Healthspan for a price of around £150 million, with between 10 and 12 potential buyers submitting bids. Coates cited personal reasons related to a desire to reduce his workload, but stated that the existing management and workforce would not be affected. When four jobs were eliminated a week later, Healthspan denied that they were related to an impending sale, and were instead a result of the completed integration of Healthspan and Healthy Direct products. In 2011, the UK also announced it was ending the Low Value Consignment Relief (LVCR) loophole, which allowed retailers to avoid paying tax on goods exported from the Channel Islands to the UK that were under the value of £18. Healthspan challenged the decision, citing that countries located outside the EU, including Switzerland, Cyprus, Hong Kong, the USA and China, were not affected by the ruling. The company also announced that, following its legal challenge, it would begin exploring relocating its distribution operations, although its headquarters would remain in Guernsey.

In May 2011, it was announced that the company was no longer for sale, with the elimination of the LVCR being one of the main reasons, contributing to "too many uncertainties to maximise the value of a sale." Plans to sell the company were reported to have been put on hold for "at least two or three years." Coates also announced that he was stepping down as CEO of Healthspan in order to focus on other business interests and his personal life, although he would remain with Healthspan as the company's Group Chairman. He was replaced by former Deputy Chief Executive Graham Case, who was in turn replaced by Group Finance Director Michael Lawther, who maintains both roles.



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Herbalife


imageHerbalife International

Coordinates: 33°51′26″N 118°17′31″W / 33.857195°N 118.291855°W / 33.857195; -118.291855

Herbalife International is an American multinational multi-level marketing corporation that develops, markets and sells nutrition supplements, weight management, sports nutrition and personal-care products. The company was founded by entrepreneur Mark Hughes in 1980, and it employs around 7,800 people worldwide. Herbalife reported net sales of US$3.825 billion in 2014, a 21% decrease over 2013, and net income of $308.7 million. It incorporated in the Cayman Islands, and its corporate headquarters are there.

The company operates internationally and distributes its products in 95 countries (as of July 2015) through a network of approximately 3.2 million independent distributors, some of whom earn profit on product sales and additional commission from a multi-level marketing (MLM) compensation structure. The MLM compensation structure consists of commissions, royalties and bonuses on sales done by a distributor's downline (the people they have sponsored as new recruits). Out of about 526,000 total members in the US at the beginning of 2014, about 62,000 received bonuses of some kind from Herbalife: 7,385 (1.4%) received over $5,000 in bonuses per year (this translates to an average of $417 per month) and 1,304 (0.25%) received over $50,000 ($4,167 per month average). These figures do not include income from product sales nor do they include any costs incurred by distributors.

The company has been criticized by, among others, hedge fund manager Bill Ackman of Pershing Square Capital, who claimed that Herbalife operates a "sophisticated pyramid scheme" after taking a $1-billion short position in Herbalife stock. The company denies the allegations. However, in March 2014, Herbalife came under investigation by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission. In July 2016, Herbalife agreed to pay $200 million in a settlement with the FTC.



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Life Extension Foundation


The Life Extension Foundation (LEF) is headquartered in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, established by co-founders Saul Kent and William Faloon in 1980. It claims that its primary purpose is to fund research and disseminate information on life extension, preventive medicine, anti-aging and optimal health as well as sports performance, with a focus on hormonal and nutritional supplementation, deriving much of its income from the sale of vitamins and supplements. In May 2013, the Internal Revenue Service revoked the Life Extension Foundations tax-exempt status, retroactive to 2006. Forbes reported that "The IRS’ problem with the Foundation is [...] an entirely worldly one: it asserts the membership organization’s operations seem to be too entwined with the for-profit Life Extension Buyers Club." LEF filed a Complaint for Declaratory Judgment on August 7, 2013, in U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia challenging the IRS' allegations. The case is pending.



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