English brewers

Question

This piglix contains articles or sub-piglix about English brewers

Answer 1

Arthur Harold John Brook

Arthur Harold John Brook (1907 – 20 January 1985) was an English brewer and brewing executive who served as President of the Institute of Brewing.

Arthur Harold John Brook was born in Manchester in 1907, the son of Samuel Brook, a sugar merchant. He went to Berkhamsted School in Hertfordshire between 1919 and 1925 and then spent a year at the Cotton Exchange in Manchester, before entering Duttons Brewery as a pupil in 1926. He was the assistant brewer there by 1934, when he took up an equivalent post at Oldham Brewery. By the end of the year, he was its Head Brewer. In 1938, he became a director at a company of maltsters called Edward Sutcliffe. In 1947, he returned to Duttons as a director and took up the same post at Oldham in 1956; that year, he also became the latter's Chairman. In 1982, Oldham merged with Boddington's and he was given a seat on their Board, but retired two years later.

Brook was National Chairman of the Allied Brewery Traders' Association in 1961 and became President of the Institute of Brewing three years later. Between 1971 and 1982, he was President of the Manchester Brewery School, having long served it as Honorary Treasurer.

Brook married Helen Margaret "Margie" in 1936 and the couple had three sons—Patrick, Paul and Philip—and one daughter, Elizabeth. His wife predeceased him, and he died on 30 January 1985, survived by his children.

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Answer 2

John Browne (MP for Gloucester)

John Browne (died 1639) was an English brewer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1614 and 1629.

Browne was the eldest son of John Browne, an alderman and Mercer of Gloucester. He himself became a brewer in the city. He was sheriff of Gloucester in 1603 and Mayor for 1610–11. In 1614, he was elected Member of Parliament for Gloucester. He was mayor of Gloucester again for 1621–22 and was re-elected MP for Gloucester in the same year. He was re-elected MP for Gloucester in 1624, 1625, 1626 and 1628, sitting until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years. He was mayor again for 1634–35.

He leased the manor of Highnam where he died in August 1638 and where there is a monumental inscription. He had married twice:firstly Eleanor, the daughter of Robert Robinson of Gloucester and secondly Sarah, probably the widow of a Mr. Wilshire. He had no children and his estate passed to his second wife.

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Answer 3

David Bruce (brewer)

David Bruce (brewer)

Alexander David Michael Bruce (born 5 July 1948 in Shimla, India) is an entrepreneur and has been involved in the international brewing and leisure industry since 1966, in a career that has covered both production and retailing.

He attended Cheltenham College. His father died when he was young.

Bruce began his career in 1966, brewing with both Courage Brewery and Theakston Brewery (in North Yorkshire) for six years. This was immediately followed by six years licensed retail experience with Charram Ltd and The Star Group of Companies.

Bruce went on to found the Firkin Pub chain and Bruce's Brewery, which started as a single pub in Elephant and Castle, London, in 1979.Peter Austin oversaw his choice of kit and the design for its small basement brewery. He borrowed £10,000, secured against his house, and opened the Goose and Firkin at 47 Borough Road (A3202) next to the junction of Southwark Bridge Road and a railway bridge leading to Blackfriars station over the river to the north, and close to the Ministry of Sound and the Student Centre of the Polytechnic of the South Bank (now London South Bank University). The pub is now the Duke of York. By 1986 he had six Firkin pubs and ten by 1988, turning over £3m; at the time Britain had 75,000 pubs. The pubs sold their own beer, Dogbolter. Each pub cost around £250,000. The Firkin motto was Usque ad Mortem Bibendum.

In February 1988 he put his eleven Firkin pubs up for sale, selling them for £6.6m in May 1988 to Midsummer Leisure, who were taken over by European Leisure. After the sale the pubs were run under the company Bruce's Brewery. In July 1990, European Leisure put the 18 pubs up for sale.

Allied Lyons bought the Firkin chain (fifteen pubs) in 1991; Allied Lyons became Allied Domecq in 1994. In 1996 Allied Domecq opened 40 sites, taking the number of Firkin pubs to 160, turning over £100m. The chain would grow to 170 sites under a succession of owners until it was bought by Punch Taverns in 1999 and disbanded. Many former Firkins became O'Neill's, owned by Mitchells & Butlers, and have a similar sparse décor to the original Firkin pubs. The Firkin chain had a steep decline after October 1999, when all on-site brewing was discontinued. The chain had been effectively bought by Bass Brewery (which became Six Continents in June 2000).

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Answer 4

Michael Bass, 1st Baron Burton

Michael Arthur Bass, 1st Baron Burton KCVO (12 November 1837 – 1 February 1909), known as Sir Michael Arthur Bass, 1st Baronet, from 1882 to 1886, was a British brewer, Liberal politician and philanthropist. He sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to 1886 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Burton.

Bass was born at Burton upon Trent, the elder son of Michael Thomas Bass and the great-grandson of William Bass, the founder of the brewery firm of Bass & Co in Burton. His mother was Eliza Jane, daughter of Samuel Arden. Bass was educated at Burton Grammar School, Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge. He was a Director of the family firm of Bass, Ratcliff, Gretton and Co from 1863, and Chairman of the Directors upon his father’s death in 1884. He also sat as a Member of Parliament for Stafford from 1865 to 1868, for East Staffordshire from 1868 to 1885 and for Burton from 1885 to 1886. As a brewer, it was uncomfortable to be a Liberal MP as there was a strong temperance element to the Liberal party at the time.

In 1882 he was created a Baronet, of Stafford in the County of Stafford, chiefly in honour of his father (who was then still alive and who had declined every honour offered to him) and with remainder to his brother Hamar Alfred Bass. Four years later, in 1886, he was raised to the peerage as Baron Burton, of Rangemore and of Burton-on-Trent in the County of Stafford, with remainder to heirs male. In 1897 he was created Baron Burton, of Burton-on-Trent and of Rangemore in the County of Stafford, with remainder, in default of male issue, to his daughter and her male issue. In 1904 he was further honoured when he was made a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order.

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Answer 5

Fowell Buxton

Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, 1st Baronet (1 April 1786 – 19 February 1845) was an English Member of Parliament, brewer, abolitionist and social reformer.

Buxton was born at Castle Hedingham, Essex. His father was also named Thomas Fowell Buxton. His mother's maiden name was Anna Hanbury. Through the influence of his mother, who was a Quaker, Buxton became associated with the Gurney family of Earlham Hall, Norwich. He was especially close to Joseph John Gurney, his sister the prison reformer Elizabeth Fry, and their sister Hannah, whom he married in May 1807. He lived at Northrepps Hall in Norfolk.

In 1808, Buxton's Hanbury family connections led to an appointment to work at the brewery of Truman, Hanbury & Company, in Brick Lane, Spitalfields, London. In 1811 he was made a partner in the business, renamed Truman, Hanbury, Buxton & Co. He later became sole owner.

Although he was a member of the Church of England, Buxton attended meetings of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) with some of the Gurneys. In this way he became involved in the social reform movement, in which Friends were prominent. He helped raise money for the weavers of London, who were being forced into poverty by the factory system. He provided financial support for Elizabeth Fry's prison reform work and joined her Association for the Improvement of the Female Prisoners in Newgate.

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Answer 6

Robert Cain (brewer)

Robert Cain (1826–1907) was the founder of the firm Robert Cain and Sons, a brewer in Liverpool, England.

He was born on Spike Island, County Cork, Ireland on 29 April 1826, the son of James Cain (1797–1871), a private soldier in the 88th Foot, a regiment of the British Army. There is some dispute over the identity of Cain's mother. Later family records and stories claim that his mother was Mary Deane, the daughter of Alexander Deane, an architect and mayor of Cork. However, in the entry for his brother William in the Liverpool register of births his mother's maiden name is listed as Mary Kirk (died 1864).

The story of the life of Robert Cain and Cains Brewery is told in Christopher Routledge's 2008 history of the brewery, Cains: The Story of Liverpool in a Pint, which unpicks many of the mythologies that have developed around the Cain family. Many of these mythologies seem to date back to the 1920s and 1930s, when Cain's sons William Cain and Charles Nall-Cain were given titles in the British honours system, and centre on the idea that the brewery's founder had a background in the Irish gentry. Such a background would have made his sons more acceptable to the British establishment at the time. However, according to Routledge, Robert Cain was born in poverty in 1826, the son of a private soldier who would soon be forced to leave the army and travel to England to find work. Cain arrived in Liverpool with his parents in late 1827 or early 1828 and grew up in the slums of the Islington area of the city with his older sister Hannah and two younger siblings, Mary and William. When he was in his early teens Cain was indentured to a cooper on board a ship carrying palm oil from West Africa.

After working out his indenture Cain returned to Liverpool in 1844 where he set himself up first as a cooper and soon after, as a brewer. According to Routledge he met Ann Newall, the daughter of James Newall, a shoemaker, and they were married on 4 April 1847 in St. Philip's Church, Hardman Street, Liverpool. He began brewing around 1848 on Limekiln Lane in the Scotland Road area, but soon expanded his operation to a nearby brewery on Wilton Street and finally moved to the existing Mersey Brewery (now known as the Robert Cain Brewery or Cains Brewery) on Stanhope Street, Liverpool in 1858. At the same time as he was developing his brewing business, Cain also made shrewd property deals and ran a hotel near to the brewery on Stanhope Street; as the company grew it expanded by buying out smaller brewers and taking control of their pubs.

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Answer 7

William Cain

Sir William Ernest Cain, 1st Baronet, JP (7 May 1864 – 5 May 1924) was an English brewer and philanthropist.

Cain was the son of Robert Cain, who had founded a large brewing empire, Robert Cain & Sons Ltd. He was educated at Winwick Priory. The family firm was taken over as joint managing directors by William Cain and his brother, Charles Nall-Cain, who continued to develop the business.

During the First World War, Cain donated his old home, Wilton Manor at West Kirby, to the government as a convalescent hospital for officers and paid for its conversion and equipment. He also donated money to many other war charities. For these services, he was knighted in 1917 and created a baronet in the 1920 New Year Honours.

Cain married Florence Roberts in 1886. They had a son and a daughter. He died in 1924 at the age of sixty and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his only son, Ernest.

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Answer 8

John William Cameron

John William Cameron (2 October 1841 - 28 December 1896) was an English brewer who owned Camerons Brewery of Hartlepool, County Durham.

Cameron was born in Kirkby Stephen, Westmorland, on 2 October 1841, the son of Ewen and Hannah (née Tomlin) Cameron. His family was of Scottish ancestry. He attended Kirkby Stephen Grammar School. He served a six-year brewing apprenticeship at the Bank Brewery in Barnard Castle.

In 1865 he joined the Lion Brewery in West Hartlepool as manager. Upon the death of the owner, William Waldon Jr, in 1872, Cameron secured a 21-year lease on the brewery and 16 public houses. In 1881 he married Emma Victoria, the daughter of Edgar Chapman of Adelaide at Tunbridge Wells. When Cameron's lease expired in 1893, he purchased the brewery outright from the Waldon family for £34,442 (£3.8 million in 2012), and he appointed his brother Watson as managing director.

Cameron served as the chief magistrate of Hartlepool from 1889-1890. He died on 28 December 1896 and was buried in Marske, near Richmond, Yorkshire. His personal estate was valued at £336,265. In 1905 the Cameron Hospital was opened in Hartlepool, built by the Cameron family in his memory.

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Answer 9

Cecil Ernest Wells Charrington

Cecil Ernest Wells Charrington, MC, JP (31 March 1885 – 24 October 1962) was an English brewing executive, who served for 26 years as Chairman of Charrington and Co. and was twice President of the Institute of Brewing.

Cecil Ernest Wells Charrington was born on 31 March 1885, the only son of Ernest Charrington (1853–1894) and his wife Joanna Margaret, younger daughter of the portrait painter Henry Tanworth Wells (1828–1903). In 1919, he married Dorothy Mary Cecilia Jameson, daughter of Rev. Canon Frederick Gosnal Jameson Page, master of Lord Leycester Hospital; they had one son and two daughters.

Charrington was educated at Eton College between 1898 and 1904, before going up to New College, Oxford; he gained third-class moderations in Classics in 1906 and left with a second class Modern History degree two years later. His ancestor John Charrington had founded a brewery in 1757; by the early 20th century, this was called Charrington and Company Limited. Charrington served as a director of the company for "nearly 50 years" before retiring in 1960. His career was interrupted by the First World War, when he served with the South Staffordshire Regiment in France and Belgium, was wounded and received the Military Cross (1918).

In 1923 he became Chairman of Charrington's, retiring in 1949, and took an active role in various brewing associations. He was Master of the Brewers' Company in 1930 and Chairman of the Brewers' Society three years year; he joined the Institute of Brewing in 1909, became a Council member in 1933, was twice its President, in 1937 and 1944 (in the former term, he applied for a grant of arms for the Institute, and paid the costs himself), and served as a Trustee from 1941 to 1950, when he was involved in the establishment of the Brewing Industry Research Foundation and helped to find new offices for the Institute. Other positions included President of the London Central Board in 1928 and 1946, President of the Licensed Victuallers' School between 1928 and 1929, President of the Beer and Wine Trade Benevolent Society in 1936 and President of the Licensed Victuallers National Homes in 1938.

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Answer 10

Spencer Charrington

Spencer Charrington (24 May 1818 – 11 December 1904) was an English brewer and Conservative politician.

Charrington was the son of Nicholas Charrington and his wife Harriet Milward. His father was a brewer of the firm of Charringtons which was based at the Anchor Brewery in Mile End East London. Charrington became one of the partners in the family firm, and became its chairman on the death of his brother Edward in 1888. He was also a Vice-President of the Brewers' Society. In 1881 he lived at Great Gearies, Barkingside but was subsequently of Hunsdon, Hertfordshire.

Charrington was elected MP for Mile End in 1885. He owed his election in the Conservative cause to the support of the large number of his brewery workers. He held the seat for nearly 20 years until his death at the age of 86, by which time he was the oldest member in the House of Commons.

Charrington married Alethe Charlotte Pauline Calmeyer who was from Norway. One of their sons was killed in Egypt and another served in the Boer War. Charrington and his wife are commemorated on a memorial to their son in Holy Trinity Church, Barkingside.

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