Yosef Yozel Horwitz

Yosef Yozel Horowitz (Hebrew: יוסף יוזל הורוביץ‎‎), also Yosef Yoizel Hurwitz, known as the Alter of Novardok (1847–1919), was a student of Rabbi Yisroel Salanter, the founder of the Musar movement. Horwitz was also a student of Rabbis Yitzchak Blazer and Simcha Zissel Ziv and spent some time in Brest, learning from Rabbi Chaim Soloveichik. He established the Novardok yeshiva in the city of Navahrudak. Additionally, he established a network of yeshivas in Dvinsk, Minsk, Warsaw, Berdichev, Lida and Zetl. Some of his discourses were recorded in the book Madregat Ha-Adam (Hebrew: מדרגת האדם, Stature of Man). The most basic and important theme in his book is Bitachon (trust in God). (Horwitz would sign his name: "B. B.," for Ba'al Bitachon, "Master of Trust [in God]".)

Horwitz was born in 1847, in Plongian, Lithuania. His father was Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Ziv (later Horowitz), a dayan and rabbi in Plongian and later the rabbi of Kurtuvian. Yosef Yozel had three brothers and four sisters. Horwitz acquired his basic education under the supervision of his father. He joined the Kelm yeshiva when he was still very young. At the age of sixteen, he was already delivering the shiur (lesson) in the synagogue of Kurtuvian.

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