YF-77
| Country of origin |
 People's Republic of China
|
|---|---|
| First flight | Long March 5 inaugural flight (2016-11-03) |
| Designer | Academy of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion Technology |
| Application | sustainer engine |
| Associated L/V | Long March 5 |
| Predecessor | YF-75 |
| Status | In service |
| Liquid-fuel engine | |
| Propellant | Liquid oxygen / Liquid hydrogen |
| Mixture ratio | 5.5 to 5.45 (adjustable) |
| Cycle | Gas-generator |
| Configuration | |
| Chamber | 1 |
| Nozzle ratio | 49 |
| Performance | |
| Thrust (vac.) | 700 kN (160,000 lbf) |
| Thrust (SL) | 510 kN (110,000 lbf) |
| Chamber pressure | 10.2 MPa (1,480 psi) |
| Isp (vac.) | 430 seconds (4.2 km/s) |
| Isp (SL) | 310.2 seconds (3.042 km/s) |
| Burn time | 520 seconds (8.7 min) |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 4,200 mm (170 in) |
| Dry weight | 2,700 kg (6,000 lb) |
| Used in | |
| Long March 5 core stage. | |
| References | |
| References | |
The YF-77 is China's first cryogenic rocket engine developed for booster applications. It burns liquid hydrogen fuel and liquid oxygen oxidizer using a gas generator cycle. A pair of these engines will power the LM-5 core stage. Each engine can independently gimbal in two planes. Although the YF-77 is ignited prior to liftoff, the LM-5's four strap-on boosters will provide most of the initial thrust in an arrangement similar to the European Vulcain on the Ariane 5 or the Japanese LE-7 on the H-II. Like the Vulcain, the YF-77 uses the less efficient gas generator cycle and even for that application it has less performance than the European engine.
In January 2002, the development of a new cryogenic engines was approved by the Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. The development responsibility was assigned to the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute, a division of the Academy of Aerospace Launch Propulsion Technology. The preliminary design was accomplished by mid-2002 and the first set of components was manufactured by early 2003. The same year saw the initial component and subsystem tests, with the gas generator successfully performing its first test on July 30. By December 2003 the whole powerpack successfully passed its first integrated test, and on September 17, 2004 a successful 50-second firing of a complete prototype engine was achieved.
In May 2013 the formal qualification testing campaign began. By the end of 2013 more than 70 tests and 24,000 seconds of firing at steady state conditions had been performed by 12 engines. The concept review confirmed that the performance goal and launcher requirements were met, and the engine was ready for integration for the maiden launch of the Long March 5 rocket. Engine development began in the 2000s, with testing directed by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) commencing in 2005. The engine has been successfully tested by mid-2007.
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Wikipedia