Women in mathematics
This is a timeline of women in mathematics .
350–370 until 415: The lifetime of Hypatia, a Greek Alexandrine Neoplatonist philosopher in Egypt who was the first well-documented woman in mathematics.
1748: Italian mathematician Maria Agnesi published the first book discussing both differential and integral calculus, called Instituzioni analitiche ad uso della gioventù italiana.
1759: French mathematician Émilie du Châtelet's translation and commentary on Isaac Newton's work Principia Mathematica was published posthumously; it is still considered the standard French translation.
1827: French mathematician Sophie Germain saw her theorem, known as Germain's Theorem, published in a footnote of a book by the mathematician Adrien-Marie Legendre. In this theorem Germain proved that if x, y, and z are integers and if x5 + y5 = z5 then either x, y, or z must be divisible by 5. Germain's theorem was a major step toward proving Fermat's last theorem for the case where n equals 5.
1829: The first public examination of an American girl in geometry was held.
1873: Sarah Woodhead became the first woman to receive the equivalent of a University of Cambridge (or University of Oxford) degree - Senior Optime in mathematics, as one of the original "Girton Pioneers."
1874: Russian mathematician Sofia Kovalevskaya became the first woman in modern Europe to gain a doctorate in mathematics, which she earned from the University of Göttingen in Germany. Her theorem on partial differential equations, part of her doctorate papers published that year, generalized previous results of Augustin-Louis Cauchy on the convergence of power series solution, and is known as the Cauchy–Kovalevskaya Theorem.
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