Wolfpack Vorwärts

Vorwärts (English : "Forwards") was a wolfpack of German U-boats that operated from 25 August to 26 September 1942, in the Battle of the Atlantic during World War II. They attacked several convoys, principally Convoy ON 127, sailing from Liverpool to New York, and sank fifteen ships for a total of 79,331 gross register tons (GRT), and damaged nine (81,141 GRT).

Abbekerk, an unescorted 7,906-ton Dutch merchant ship en route from Port of Spain, Trinidad to Liverpool with 9,489 tons of sugar, general cargo and mail, was inspected by the Norwegian convoy escort HNoMS Eglantine about 15 nautical miles (28 km) south-east of Convoy ONS-122 at 13:40 on 24 August 1942. Soon after she was spotted by U-604 which was searching for the convoy. The U-boat pursued the ship for more than 12 hours before firing a spread of three torpedoes at 03:48 on 25 August. One struck the ship, which stopped. At 03:56 U-604 hit her again and the ship sank after two boiler explosions. All the crew except two managed to abandon ship in two lifeboats, which set sail for Ireland, and the 62 men were later picked up by HMS Wallflower.

At 10.05 hours on 31 August U-609 fired torpedoes at Convoy SC-97 and sank two ships. The first was Capira, a 5,625-ton merchant ship owned by United States Lines, but flagged in Panama. The ship, loaded with trucks, tractors, steel mats, bulldozers, and 250 bags of US mail, was struck in the engine room, which immediately flooded. The ship sank in 20 minutes, killing five of the crew, but 36 men and 13 armed guards escaped in lifeboats and rafts. Of these, 33 were soon picked up by the British rescue ship Perth, and the remaining 16 by a corvette. The second ship was Bronxville, a 4,663-ton Norwegian merchant ship carrying general cargo, including 531 tons of explosives. All 39 hands survived and were picked up by the British rescue ship Perth. The next day, 1 September, U-756 was sunk with all hands by depth charges from the corvette HMCS Morden.

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