Wolf Heidenheim

Wolf (Benjamin) ben Samson Heidenheim (1757 – February 23, 1832) was a German exegete and grammarian born at Heidenheim am Hahnenkamm At an early age Heidenheim was sent to Fürth, where he studied Talmud under Joseph Steinhardt, author of Zikron Yosef, and, from 1777, under Hirsch Janow. Besides Talmudic literature, Heidenheim devoted himself to the study of Hebrew grammar, and particularly of the Masorah. In 1782 he left Fürth, probably on account of Janow's opposition to Mendelssohn's translation of the Pentateuch, of which Heidenheim was an admirer. He went to Frankfurt am Main, where he made the acquaintance of the most prominent scholars, among them Wolf Breidenbach () and Solomon Dubno. There began his literary activity, which lasted fifty years. He died at Rödelheim.

Heidenheim, encouraged by Dubno, conceived the idea of issuing a revised edition of the Pentateuch, with a commentary of his own. The first work edited by him was Abraham ibn Ezra's Moznayim, to which he added a critical commentary (Offenbach, 1791). Seven years later Heidenheim began his critical edition of the Pentateuch, which he titled Sefer Torat Elohim. It contained the Targum, the commentaries of Rashi and Rashbam, the 'Minḥat Shay of Solomon Norzi (commentary), his own glosses and Masoretic references, and his supercommentary on Rashi, Habanat ha-Miḳra. He based his commentary chiefly on the accents, adding numerous grammatical notes. But the undertaking, on the business side, was too difficult for him alone, and he was compelled to stop at Gen. xliii. 16.

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