William of Wykeham
| William of Wykeham | |
|---|---|
| Bishop of Winchester | |
 |
|
| Church | Catholic |
| Elected | October 1366 |
| Installed | July 1368 |
| Term ended | 27 September 1404 |
| Predecessor | William Edington |
| Successor | Henry Beaufort |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 1362 |
| Consecration | October 1367 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1320 or 1324 |
| Died | 27 September 1404 |
William of Wykeham (/ˈwɪkəm/; 1320 or 1324 – 27 September 1404) was Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England. He founded New College Oxford and New College School in 1379, and founded Winchester College in 1382. He was also the clerk of works when much of Windsor Castle was built.
William of Wykeham (born William Longe), a descendant of the House of Longe, was the son of John Longe, a freeman from Wickham in Hampshire. He was educated at a school in Winchester, and probably enjoyed early patronage from two local men, Sir Ralph Sutton, constable of Winchester Castle, and Sir John Scures, lord of the manor of Wickham, and then from Thomas Foxley, Constable of Windsor Castle. In 1349, Wykeham was described as a chaplain when he was appointed rector of Irstead in Norfolk, a position which was in the gift of the Crown. He was a friend and colleague of Sir Andrew Stratford.
William became secretary to the constable of Winchester Castle and in that capacity learned about building. This led to architectural work for King Edward III, for whom he reconstructed Windsor Castle whilst residing at Bear's Rails in Old Windsor.
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