William Gordon Burn Murdoch
| William Gordon Burn Murdoch | |
|---|---|
| Born |
22 January 1862 Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Died | 19 July 1939 (aged 77) Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Occupation |
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William Gordon Burn Murdoch (22 January 1862 – 19 July 1939) was a Scottish painter, travel writer and explorer. Murdoch travelled widely including India and both the Arctic and the Antarctic. He is said to be the first person to have played the bagpipes in the Antarctic. He published several travel books as well as being an accomplished artist. A cape in the South Orkneys is named in his honour.
Burn Murdoch was born in Edinburgh to Jessie Cecilia (née Mack) and Dr. William Burn-Murdoch. His father was the first to take the name Burn-Murdoch, but the hyphen was not used by his son. His elder brother, John Burn-Murdoch, joined the military and became the commanding engineer of state railways in India.
He attended a local school and then studied law at Edinburgh University. When he emerged, however, he went to study art in Antwerp and Paris.
His first major expedition was in 1892 when he joined an investigative whaling expedition to the Antarctic. He served as an assistant to William Speirs Bruce, a medical student with an interest in oceanography. Burn Murdoch, who was known as "WG" to his friends, used this opportunity to create paintings of their journeys and he had a contract to create a book. With these and his notes he wrote the book Edinburgh to the Antarctic which was published by Longmans in 1894. It was said that he was the first "Artist in Residence" in the Antarctic. Burn Murdoch had mixed feelings about the trip. The expedition had been to the Falkland Islands and Ross Island, and had discovered and named Dundee Island, but the scientific role he was expected to help with was undervalued, and both he and Bruce had been obliged to help with killing 5,000 seals which was the expedition's only hope of commercial success as they had failed to find any commercial whales. Despite these setbacks and having his teeth loosened by scurvy he gained a love of polar exploration.
He was very fond of his country, and his writing style incorporates frequent references to Scotland. There were plans to create a mural around Castlehill Water Reservoir, and in collaboration with Patrick Geddes he created a banner 1.4 metres long showing the people in Scottish history. The mural was never created but colour and monochrome versions of the ten lithographs making up his design were sold.
Burn Murdoch continued his friendship with William Spiers Bruce, whom he had first met at university. He helped him by lending him money and later with organising a number of projects including the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition in 1902–04. During that expedition Bruce surveyed Laurie Island in the South Orkneys. Cape Burn Murdoch on that island is named in his honour. The two of them were later involved with a company that intended to commercially exploit the island of Spitzbergen.
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