Wayland was the first settlement of Sudbury Plantation in 1639. The Town of East Sudbury was incorporated on April 10, 1780, on land which had formerly been part of Sudbury. On March 11, 1835, East Sudbury became Wayland, a farming community, presumably in honor of Dr. Francis Wayland, who was president of Brown University and a friend of East Sudbury’s Judge Edward Mellen. Both Wayland and Mellen became benefactors of the town’s library, the first free public library in the state.

The Wayland Free Public Library was established in 1848 and is arguably the first in Massachusetts The building was rebuilt in 1900, and is a landmark in the town of Wayland.

In 2010, Boston Duck Tours was asked to help transport flood victims in Wayland. Torrential rains had left Pelham Island area of Wayland isolated and the Ducks were brought in to ferry people in and out of their neighborhood until the waters receded.

The is named after the town.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 15.9 square miles (41 km²), of which 15.2 square miles (39 km²) is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km²), or 4.21%, is water. Wayland borders Lincoln, Sudbury, Weston, Framingham, and Natick.

As of the census of 2010, there were 13,444 people, 4,808 households, and 3,676 families residing in the town. The population density was 859.9 people per square mile (332.1/km²). There were 5,021 housing units at an average density of 310.8 per square mile (120.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 87.2% White, 0.9% African American, 0.0% Native American, 9.9% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population.

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