War of the Succession of Landshut
| War of the Succession of Landshut | |||||||||
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 Bavaria-Munich
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 Bavaria-Landshut County Palatine of the Rhine
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Bavaria-Landshut partitioned, to:
The War of the Succession of Landshut resulted from a dispute between the duchies of Bavaria-Munich (Bayern-München in German) and Bavaria-Landshut (Bayern-Landshut). An earlier agreement between the different Wittelsbach lines, the Treaty of Pavia (1329), concerned the law of succession and stated that if one branch should become extinct in the male line then the other would inherit. This agreement disregarded imperial law, which stipulated that the Holy Roman Emperor should inherit should a line fail.
George, Duke of Bavaria-Landshut and his wife Hedwig Jagiellon failed to produce a male heir, so George - in a breach of both, imperial law at the one hand, the house treaty at the other - named his daughter Elisabeth as his heir. Because of the agreement, Duke Albert of the Munich line did not accept this, leading to war in 1503. Over the course of this two-year war, many villages surrounding Landshut were reduced to ashes, such as Ergolding.
The war ended in 1505 with the death of Elisabeth and her husband Ruprecht, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and a decision through arbitration by Emperor Maximilian I on 30 July 1505 at the Diet of Cologne. The two grandsons of George, Otto Henry (Otto-Heinrich) and Philip, retained Palatinate-Neuburg (Junge Pfalz), a fragmented region from the upper Danube over Franconia to the northern part of the Upper Palatinate. Neuburg an der Donau was chosen as the capital of the new state. Because the two heirs had not yet reached their majority, Frederick II, Count Palatine of the Rhine, served as regent in a caretaker regime. The rest of the territory went to the Munich line of the House of Wittelsbach.
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