Wagner Act
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| Long title | An act to diminish the causes of labor disputes burdening or obstructing interstate and foreign commerce, to create a National Labor Relations Board, and for other purposes. |
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| Nicknames | Wagner Act |
| Enacted by | the 74th United States Congress |
| Effective | July 6, 1935 |
| Citations | |
| Public law | 74-198 |
| Statutes at Large | 49 Stat. 449 |
| Codification | |
| Titles amended | 29 |
| U.S.C. sections amended | 29 U.S.C. § 151–169 |
| Legislative history | |
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| Major amendments | |
| Taft–Hartley Amendments of 1947 Taft–Hartley Labor Act of 1957 Landrum–Griffin Act of 1959 |
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| United States Supreme Court cases | |
| National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation | |
The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (49 Stat. 449) 29 U.S.C. § 151–169 (also known as the Wagner Act after New York Senator Robert F. Wagner) is a foundational statute of United States labor law which guarantees basic rights of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining for better terms and conditions at work, and take collective action including strike if necessary. The act also created the National Labor Relations Board, which conducts elections that can require employers to engage in collective bargaining with labor unions (also known as trade unions). The Act does not apply to workers who are covered by the Railway Labor Act, agricultural employees, domestic employees, supervisors, federal, state or local government workers, independent contractors and some close relatives of individual employers.
President Franklin Roosevelt signed the legislation into law on July 5, 1935.
It also has its roots in a variety of different labor acts previously enacted:
Under section 1 (29 U.S.C. § 151) of the Act, the key principles and policy findings on which the Act was based are explained. The Act aims to correct the "inequality of bargaining power between employees who do not possess full freedom of association or actual liberty of contract and employers who are organized in the corporate or other forms of ownership association". To achieve this, the central idea is the promotion of collective bargaining between independent trade unions, on behalf of the workforce, and the employer.
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