WD Austerity 2-10-0
90775 on the North Norfolk Railway. Despite having the appearance of a British Railways locomotive, the highest numbered BR engine was 90774, and this example was repatriated from Greece.
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| Type and origin | |
|---|---|
| Power type | Steam |
| Designer | R. A. Riddles |
| Builder | North British Locomotive Company |
| Serial number | 25436–25535, 25596–25645 |
| Build date | 1943–1945 |
| Total produced | 150 |
| Specifications | |
|---|---|
| Configuration: |
|
| • Whyte | 2-10-0 |
| • UIC | 1′E h2 |
| Gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge |
| Leading dia. | 2 ft 9 in (838 mm) |
| Driver dia. | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) |
| Length | 67 ft 6 1⁄4 in (20.58 m) over buffers |
| Axle load | 13 long tons 9 cwt (30,100 lb or 13.7 t) |
| Adhesive weight | 67 long tons 3 cwt (150,400 lb or 68.2 t) full |
| Loco weight | 78 long tons 6 cwt (175,400 lb or 79.6 t) full |
| Tender weight | 55 long tons 10 cwt (124,300 lb or 56.4 t) full |
| Fuel type | Coal |
| Fuel capacity | 9 long tons 0 cwt (20,200 lb or 9.1 t) |
| Water cap | 5,000 imp gal (23,000 L; 6,000 US gal) |
| Firebox: • Firegrate area |
40 sq ft (3.7 m2) |
| Boiler pressure | 225 lbf/in2 (1.55 MPa) |
| Heating surface: • Tubes |
1,170 sq ft (109 m2) |
| • Flues | 589 sq ft (54.7 m2) |
| • Firebox | 192 sq ft (17.8 m2) |
| Superheater: |
|
| • Heating area | 423 sq ft (39.3 m2) |
| Cylinders | Two, outside |
| Cylinder size | 19 in × 28 in (483 mm × 711 mm) |
| Valve gear | Walschaerts |
| Valve type | 10-inch (250 mm) piston valves |
| Performance figures | |
|---|---|
| Tractive effort | 34,215 lbf (152.20 kN) |
| Career | |
|---|---|
| Operators | WD » NS, BR, SEK, CFS |
| Power class | BR: 8F |
| Disposition | Four preserved, remainder scrapped |
The War Department (WD) "Austerity" 2-10-0 is a type of heavy freight steam locomotive that was introduced during the Second World War in 1943.
The Austerity 2-10-0 was based on the Austerity 2-8-0, and was designed to have interchangeable parts by R.A. Riddles. It had the same power output as the 2-8-0 but a lighter axle load, making it suitable for secondary lines.
It had a parallel boiler and round-topped firebox. While the 2-8-0 had a narrow firebox, the 2-10-0 had a wide firebox placed above the driving wheels. This arrangement was common in the United States (e.g. the USRA 0-8-0) but unusual in Britain. In Britain, wide fireboxes were usually used only where there was a trailing axle, e.g. in 4-4-2 and 4-6-2 types. One exception was the GER Decapod.
These were the first 2-10-0 locomotives to work in Great Britain, and the first major class of ten-coupled engines — they had been preceded by two 0-10-0 locomotives; the Great Eastern Railway's Decapod and the Midland Railway's Lickey Banker.
The 2-10-0 wheel arrangement was later used by Riddles when he designed the BR standard class 9F. This, too, had a wide firebox placed above the driving wheels.
Two batches were built by the North British Locomotive Company, the first batch of 100 introduced in 1943/1944 and the second batch of 50 in 1945. Their WD Nos were 3650–3749 (later 73650–73749), and 73750–73799.
20 of the first batch were sent to the Middle East. During running-in they worked in Britain, but their length made them unsuitable. Most saw service with the British Army in France after D-Day.
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Wikipedia