Vrancea (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈvrant͡ʃe̯a]) is a county (județ) in Romania, with its seat at Focșani. It is mostly in the historical region of Moldavia but the southern part, below the Milcov River, is in Muntenia.

In 2011, it had a population of 323,080 and a population density of 66.51/km².

Vrancea County's area is of 4,857 km².

A curvedly shaped mountainous area, known in Romanian as Carpații de Curbură, lies in the western part of the county, at the Southern end of Eastern Carpathians, with heights over 1400 m. To the East, the heights decrease into hilly areas and the lower valley of Siret River.

The main tributary of the Siret River, which crosses the county, is the Putna.

The area is a seismically active one, with yearly earthquakes whose focal depths are between 80 and 160 km and therefore affect wide regions. The most notable is the 1977 Vrancea earthquake, which killed over 1500 people in Romania and Bulgaria.

The county is famous for its wines, being the biggest wine producer in Romania. Over 11% of the county surface is covered with vines. The county's best known wine regions are Panciu - 8100 ha, Odobești - 7000 ha, and Cotești.

County's main industries:

County's main destinations:

The Vrancea County Council, elected at the 2016 local government elections, is made up of 33 counselors, with the following party composition:

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