Vimaladharmasuriya I of Sri Lanka
| Vimaladharmasuriya I | |
|---|---|
| King of Kandy | |
 |
|
| Reign | 1592–1604 |
| Predecessor | Rajasinha I of Sitawaka |
| Successor | Senarat of Kandy |
| Born | Konappu Bandara Sri Lanka |
| Died | 1604 Sri Lanka |
| Burial | Sri Lanka |
| Spouse | Kusmasana Devi (Dona Catherina) |
| Issue |
Prince Mahastenne (died 1612) Suriya Devi (died 1617) Sama Devi |
| House | House of Dinajara |
| Father | Virasundara Bandara |
| Mother | Kosbokke Gedara Vimalu |
Vimaladharmasuriya I was a king of Sri Lanka who ruled the country from 1590 to 1604. He was a late 16th-century to early 17th-century king of the Kingdom of Kandy, located in the central hills of the present-day island nation of Sri Lanka. His reputation was built when he successfully repulsed two major Portuguese offensives in to Kandy, the Campaign of Danture in 1594 and the Battle of Balana in 1602, in both of which the Portuguese were humiliatingly defeated.
Vimaladharmasuriya I is referred to by four names by different sources. Rajavaliya mentions his early name as Konappu Bandara and says he is the son of Virasundara bandara from Peradeniya royal family. Reports of early Dutch visitors (Sebald de Veert and Joris van Spilbergen) mention him as Don João da Austria. Joao Rebeiro mentions one Don Jhon Appuhamy, a commoner who was sent to conquer the kingdom of Kandy and of Konnapu Bandara. Historians have also noted that from 1604 to 1617 there is little information available as to what happened in the Kandyan Kingdom. Therefore, there is the possibility of mixing up of several personalities by later historians in reconstructing the history of that period. As per the deed given by this king to the chief commander of Campaign of Danture, his mother's name is Kosbokke Gedara Vimalu, after whom he took up his name Vimaladharmasuriya.
King Vimaladharmasuriya is regarded by some historians as the Kandyan Kingdom's second founder, responsible for its revival. He was baptized under the Portuguese name of Don João da Austria. In 1594 he married Princess Kusmasana Devi who, as Dona Catherina, was put forward by the Portuguese as the rightful claimant to the throne and became king. After renouncing Christianity and embracing Buddhism, Vimaladharmasuriya constructed a two-tiered shrine close to his palace in order to sanctify his capital, Kandy, and accommodate the politically-important relic of the tooth of the Buddha.
The Dutch explorer Joris van Spilbergen offered an alliance to fight off the Portuguese. Following these negotiations, Sebald de Weert was officially sent by Admiral Wybrand van Warwijck to mount a joint counter-attack against the Portuguese. The alliance ended in disaster, however, during a drinking party, where the Dutch became rowdy, De Weert according to François Valentijn insulted the queen, and De Weert and all 47 Dutchmen accompanying him consequently were killed. An alliance would not be possible again until 1612, when a new envoy, Marcellus de Boschouwer, established a treaty with Senarat of Kandy, ultimately leading to the eviction of the Portuguese from the island, and about one century of Dutch rule, until the British in turn took the island.
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