Vilém Petrželka (10 September 1889, Brno, Moravia – 10 January 1967, Brno) was a prominent Czech composer and conductor.
Petrželka was a pupil of Leoš Janáček, Vítězslav Novák and Karel Hoffmeister. From 1914 he taught composition at the Janáček Academy of Music and Performing Arts and the School of the Philharmonic Society in Brno.