Viet Nam Quoc Dan Dang
|
Vietnamese Nationalist Party
Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng |
|
|---|---|
| Leader |
Nguyễn Thái Học Nhất Linh Vũ Hồng Khanh |
| Founder | Nguyễn Thái Học |
| Founded | December 25, 1927 |
| Headquarters |
Hanoi (1927–54) Saigon (1954–75) Westminster, California (1975) |
| Newspaper | Tiếng dân |
| Ideology |
Vietnamese nationalism Democratic socialism Tridemism |
| Political position |
Centre-left to Left-wing |
| Colors | Red, blue, white |
| National Assembly |
0 / 500
|
| Party flag | |
 |
|
| Website | |
| Vietquoc.org vietquoc.com | |
The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng (Vietnamese: [vìət naːm kwə́wk zən ɗa᷉ːŋ], Vietnamese Nationalist Party), abbreviated VNQDĐ or Việt Quốc, is a nationalist and moderate socialist political party that sought independence from French colonial rule in Vietnam during the early 20th century. Its origins lie in the mid-1920s, when a group of young Hanoi-based intellectuals began publishing revolutionary material. In 1927, after the publishing house failed because of French harassment and censorship, the VNQDD was formed under the leadership of Nguyễn Thái Học. Modelling itself on the Republic of China's Kuomintang (the same 3 characters in chữ Hán: 國民黨) the VNQDD gained a following among northerners, particularly teachers and intellectuals. The party, which was less successful among peasants and industrial workers, was organised in small clandestine cells.
From 1928, the VNQDD attracted attention through its assassinations of French officials and Vietnamese collaborators. A turning point came in February 1929 with the Bazin assassination, the killing of a French labour recruiter widely despised by local Vietnamese people. Although the perpetrators' precise affiliation was unclear, the French colonial authorities held the VNQDD responsible. Between 300 and 400 of the party's approximately 1,500 members were detained in the resulting crackdown. Many of the leaders were arrested, but Học managed to escape.
In late 1929, the party was weakened by an internal split. Under increasing French pressure, the VNQDD leadership switched tack, replacing a strategy of isolated clandestine attacks against individuals with a plan to expel the French in a single blow with a large-scale popular uprising. After stockpiling home-made weapons, the VNQDD launched the Yên Bái mutiny on February 10, 1930 with the aim of sparking a widespread revolt. VNQDD forces combined with disaffected Vietnamese troops, who mutinied against the French colonial army. The mutiny was quickly put down, with heavy French retribution. Học and other leading figures were captured and executed and the VNQDD never regained its political strength in the country.
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Wikipedia