Victoria was one of the original 25 provincial electoral districts in Alberta, named for Fort Victoria on the North Saskatchewan River. It was mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta by the first past the post method until 1917, and by alternative vote from 1926 until it was abolished in 1940.
The riding was created in 1905 when Alberta became a province, extending northeast from Edmonton to the Saskatchewan border along the north side of the North Saskatchewan.
In 1909 the riding had a significant shift west in boundaries, moving into Sturgeon. The eastern section became the new district of Pakan, named for the town at Fort Victoria. The riding's namesake was therefore in another district.
Victoria disappeared in 1940 when the north half was split into Redwater and the south half merged with Whitford to create Willingdon.
Victoria's first MLA was Francis A. Walker, who served as a backbencher with the Liberal government for all four terms it was in power. In 1917, he was returned to the Legislature by acclamation because the province declared all active servicemen in World War I re-elected.