Vibrio tubiashii

Vibrio tubiashii is a Gram-negative, rod shaped (0.5 um-1.5 um) marine bacterium that uses a single polar flagellum for motility. It has been implicated in several diseases of marine organisms.

Vibrio tubiashii was originally isolated from juvenile and larval bivalve mollusks suffering from bacillary necrosis, now called vibriosis. It was originally discovered by Tubiash et al in 1965, hence the name, but not properly described until Hada et al in 1984. Since its discovery and identification, V. tubiashii has been implicated in shellfish vibriosis across the globe and, more recently, coral diseases (citation needed).

Like many Vibrio spp., V. tubiashii produces extracellular enzymes, specifically a zinc-metalloprotease (Delston et al 2003) and a cytolysin/hemolysin (Kothary et al 2001) that are nearly identical to those produced by other pathogenic Vibrio strains (Sussman et al 2009). This being said, only the zinc-metalloprotease elicited disease symptoms in Crassostrea gigas (Hasegawa et al 2008) consistent with vibriosis. In addition to shellfish disease, Vibrio derived zinc-metalloprotease could be an integral virulence factor in diseases of scleractinian corals as it was shown to cause photoinactivation of the coral endosymbiont Symbiodinium, leading to tissue color loss and eventual tissue death (Sussman et al 2009).

The hemolytic activity of V. tubiashii cultures increases during early growth stages and progressively decreases throughout the stationary phase, while proteolytic activity shows a gradual increase starting in the early stationary phase, suggesting that pathogenisis in this organism requires higher cell density.

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