Valery Bykovsky
| Valery Fyodorovich Bykovsky | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Cosmonaut | |
| Nationality | Soviet |
| Status | Retired |
| Born |
2 August 1934 Pavlovsky Posad, Soviet Union |
|
Other occupation
|
Pilot |
| Rank | Major General, Soviet Air Force |
|
Time in space
|
20d 17h 48m |
| Selection | 1960 Air Force Group 1 |
| Missions | Vostok 5, Soyuz 22, Soyuz 31 |
|
Mission insignia
|
 
|
| Awards |
Hero of the Soviet Union Order of Lenin |
Valery Fyodorovich Bykovsky (Russian: Вале́рий Фёдорович Быко́вский; born 2 August 1934) is a retired Soviet cosmonaut who flew three manned space mission space flights: Vostok 5, Soyuz 22, and Soyuz 31. He was also backup for Vostok 3 and Soyuz 37.
Bykovsky was the son of Fyodor Fyodorovich Bykovsky and Klavdia Ivanova. At age 14 Valery wanted to attend naval school; however, his father was not a proponent of this idea and encouraged him to stay at his school. A few days later Valery listened to a lecture regarding the Soviet Air Force Club that inspired him to pursue his dream of becoming a pilot. Following this lecture Valery would begin flight theory lessons when he turned 16 at the Moscow City Aviation Club. When he was 18 Bykovsky graduated aviation school and enrolled in the Kachinsk Military Aviation Academy. Bykovsky graduated the academy at 21 years old and received the rank of lieutenant. At 25 he became a jet fighter pilot and later became a pilot and parachute instructor with over 72 jumps by the time he began his cosmonaut training. At 26 years old he started his cosmonaut training at Zhukovsky Military Engineering academy. Bykovsky’s most famous flight took place in 1963 aboard Vostok 5 where he would famously rendezvous with first female cosmonaut Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova. During his orbit aboard Vostok 5, Bykovsky was also made a member of the communist party.
Bykovsky set a space endurance record when he spent five days in orbit aboard Vostok 5 in 1963 where his callsign was "Hawk" (Russian: Ястреб). Although this flight duration has long since been surpassed by crews of more than one person, to this day it remains the endurance record for a solo spaceflight.
Bykovsky was to have commanded the original Soyuz 2 mission, which was cancelled due to problems with Soyuz 1. After the parachutes failed on that mission, killing Vladimir Komarov, the same problem was found with the Soyuz 2 capsule, which meant if the mission had flown, Bykovsky and his crew would also have been killed.
Many of his later years in the space programme were involved with promoting the Intercosmos programme amongst the world's Socialist nations. He retired in 1988 and then spent three years as the Director of the House of Soviet Science and Culture in Berlin.
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