VOB
| Filename extension | .VOB |
|---|---|
| Internet media type | video/dvd, video/mpeg, video/x-ms-vob |
| Developed by | DVD Forum |
| Type of format | Media container |
| Container for | Audio, video, subtitles |
| Contained by | DVD-Video |
| Extended from | MPEG program stream (ISO/IEC 13818-1) |
| Standard | DVD-Video Book |
VOB (Video Object) is the container format in DVD-Video media. VOB can contain digital video, digital audio, subtitles, DVD menus and navigation contents multiplexed together into a stream form. Files in VOB format may be encrypted.
Files in VOB format have a .vob filename extension and are typically stored in the VIDEO_TS directory at the root of a DVD. The VOB format is based on the MPEG program stream format, but with additional limitations and specifications in the private streams. The MPEG program stream has provisions for non-standard data (as used in VOB files) in the form of so-called private streams. VOB files are a very strict subset of the MPEG program stream standard. While all VOB files are MPEG program streams, not all MPEG program streams comply with the definition for a VOB file.
Analogous to the MPEG program stream, a VOB file can contain H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 or MPEG-1 Part 2 video, MPEG-1 Audio Layer II or MPEG-2 Audio Layer II audio, but usage of these compression formats in a VOB file has some restrictions in comparison to the MPEG program stream. In addition, VOB can contain Linear PCM, AC-3 or DTS audio and subpictures (subtitles). VOB files cannot contain AAC audio (MPEG-2 Part 7), MPEG-4 compression formats and others, which are allowed in the MPEG program stream standard.
On the DVD, all the content for one title set is contiguous, but broken up into 1 GB VOB files in order to be compatible with all operating systems, as some cannot read files larger than that size. Each VOB file must be less than or equal to one GB.
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