United States Supreme Court Building
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Supreme Court Building
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Façade of the Supreme Court Building
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| Location |
1 First Street, Northeast |
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| Coordinates | 38°53′25.8″N 77°0′16.2″W / 38.890500°N 77.004500°WCoordinates: 38°53′25.8″N 77°0′16.2″W / 38.890500°N 77.004500°W |
| Built | 1935 |
| Architect | Cass Gilbert, Cass Gilbert Jr. |
| NRHP Reference # | 87001294 |
| Designated NHL | May 4, 1987 |
1 First Street, Northeast
The Supreme Court Building is the seat of the Supreme Court of the United States and the Judicial Branch thereof. Completed in 1935, it is situated in Washington, D.C. at 1 First Street, NE, on the block immediately east of the United States Capitol. The building is under the jurisdiction of the Architect of the Capitol. On May 4, 1987, the Supreme Court Building was designated a National Historic Landmark. It is one of a handful of National Historic Landmarks which are not listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Prior to the establishment of the Federal City, the United States government resided briefly in New York City. As such, the Supreme Court met there during this time in the Merchants Exchange Building. When the capital moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the Court moved with it and began meeting in Independence Hall, before settling in Old City Hall at 5th and Chestnut Streets from 1791 until 1800.
After the federal government moved to Washington, D.C., the court had no permanent meeting location until 1810. When the architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe built the second U.S. Senate chamber directly on top of the first US Senate chamber, the Supreme Court took up residence in what is now referred to as the Old Supreme Court Chamber from 1810 through 1860. It remained in the Capitol until 1935, with the exception of a period from 1812 to 1819, during which the Court was absent from Washington because of the British invasion and the destruction of the Capitol during the War of 1812.
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