United States Senate elections, 1862 and 1863

Various dates

22 of the 68 seats in the United States Senate (with special elections) 25 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Party	Republican	Democratic
Last election	29 seats	30 seats
Seats before	31	11
Seats won	32	10
Seat change	1	1
Seats up	10	5

	Third party	Fourth party

Party	Unionist	Unconditional Unionist
Last election	New Party	New Party
Seats before	6
Seats won	5	1
Seat change	1	1
Seats up	4

Majority Party before election

Republican Party

Elected Majority Party

Republican Party

The United States Senate elections of 1862 and 1863 were elections during the American Civil War in which Republicans increased their control of the U.S. Senate. The Republican Party gained three seats, bringing their majority to 66% of the body. Also caucusing with them were Unionists and Unconditional Unionists. As many Southern states seceded in 1860 and 1861, and members left the Senate to join the Confederacy, or were expelled for supporting the rebellion, seats were declared vacant. To establish a quorum with fewer members, a lower total seat number was taken into account.

As this election was prior to ratification of the seventeenth Amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Senate Party Division, 38th Congress (1863–1865)

In these elections, the winners were seated during 1862 or in 1863 before March 4; ordered by election date.

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1863; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

In these elections, the winners were elected in 1863 after March 4; ordered by election date.

The New York election was held February 3, 1863 by the New York State Legislature.

Republican Preston King had been elected in February 1857 to this seat, and his term would expire on March 3, 1863.

At the State election in November 1861, 22 Republicans and 10 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1862–1863) in the State Senate. At the State election in November 1862, Democrat Horatio Seymour was elected Governor; and a tied Assembly of 64 Republicans and Democrats each was elected for the session of 1863. In December, in the 15th Senate District, Republican William Clark was elected for the session of 1863 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Democrat John Willard. The 86th New York State Legislature met from January 6 to April 25, 1863, at Albany, New York.

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