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United States O-class submarine

USS O-1 (SS-62) in dry dock at Portsmouth Nary Yard, Sept 1918.
USS O-1, lead ship of her class in dry dock at Portsmouth Nary Yard in September 1918
Class overview
Name: O class
Operators:  United States Navy
Preceded by: N class
Succeeded by: R class
Built: 1916-1918
In commission: 1918-1931, 1941-1946
Completed: 16
Lost: 2
Retired: 14
General characteristics
Type: Submarine
Displacement:
  • Group 1:
  • 520.6 long tons (529 t) surfaced
  • 625 long tons (635 t) submerged
  • Group 2:
  • 491 long tons (499 t) surfaced
  • 565 long tons (574 t) submerged
Length:
  • Group 1: 173 ft 4 in (52.83 m)
  • Group 2: 175 ft (53 m)
Beam:
  • Group 1: 18 ft (5.5 m)
  • Group 2: 16 ft 7 in (5.05 m)
Propulsion:
Speed:
  • Group 1:
  • 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) surfaced
  • 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) submerged
  • Group 2:
  • 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) surfaced
  • 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph) submerged
Range:
  • 5,500 nmi (10,200 km) at 11.5 kn (21.3 km/h; 13.2 mph) surfaced
  • 250 nmi (460 km) at 5 kn (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) submerged
Test depth: 200 ft (61 m)
Complement: 29
Armament:

The United States Navy's sixteen O-class submarines were created out of the lessons learned from the L class. The O class were about 80 tons larger than the L class, with greater power and endurance for ocean patrols. Due to the American entry into World War I the O class were built much more rapidly than previous classes, and were all commissioned in 1918. O-1 through O-10 were group 1, designed by Electric Boat, O-11 through O-16 were group 2, designed by the Lake Torpedo Boat Company and sometimes considered a separate class. The group 2 boats entered service just before the end of World War I. Eight of the group 1 boats survived to serve in World War II as training boats when they were recommissioned in 1941.

The O class were built by five shipyards: O-1 by Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, Maine, O-2 by Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, Washington, O-3 through O-10 by Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts, O-11 through O-13 by Lake Torpedo Boat Company, Bridgeport, Connecticut, and O-14 through O-16 by California Shipbuilding (formerly Craig Shipbuilding), Long Beach, California.

The class originally operated in the anti-submarine role off the United States's East Coast. Two of the boats, O-4 and O-6, came under fire from a British merchantman in the Atlantic on 24 July 1918. The steamer scored six hits on O-4's conning tower and pressure hull before her identity was discovered. O-4 suffered minor damage caused by shell splinters. O-3 to O-10 boats formed part of the twenty-strong submarine force that left Newport, Rhode Island on 2 November 1918 for the Azores, but the task force was recalled after the Armistice was signed nine days later.


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