United States Government Printing Office
Official seal
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| Agency overview | |
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| Formed | March 4, 1861 |
| Jurisdiction | Federal government of the United States |
| Headquarters | 732 North Capitol St. NW Washington, D.C. |
| Employees | 1,920 |
| Annual budget | US$126,200,000 (2012); approx. US$135 million (2011) |
| Agency executive |
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| Parent agency | United States Congress Joint Committee on Printing |
| Website | gpo.gov |
| Footnotes | |
 Official Presidential Photographprinted by GPO |
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 American Artifacts: Government Printing Office (29:47), C‑SPAN
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The United States Government Publishing Office (GPO) (formerly the Government Printing Office) is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government. The office prints and binds documents produced by and for the federal government, including the Supreme Court, the Congress, the Executive Office of the President, executive departments, and independent agencies.
In December 2014 an omnibus spending bill funding US federal government operations was passed which included a provision changing the name from Government Printing Office to Government Publishing Office. Following signature by the President, the change took effect on December 17, 2014.
GPO was created on June 23, 1860, by Congressional Joint Resolution 25. It began operations March 4, 1861, with 350 employees and reached a peak employment of 8,500 in 1972. The agency began transformation to computer technology in 1980s; along with the gradual replacement of paper with electronic document distribution, this has led to a steady decline in the number of staff at the agency. For its entire history, GPO has occupied the corner of North Capitol Street NW and H Street NW in the District of Columbia. The large red brick building that houses the GPO was erected in 1903 and is unusual in being one of the few large, red brick government structures in a city where most government buildings are mostly marble and granite. (The Smithsonian Castle and the Pension Building, now the National Building Museum, are other exceptions.) An additional structure was attached to its north in later years. The activities of GPO are defined in the public printing and documents chapters of Title 44 of the United States Code. The Public Printer, who serves as the head of GPO, is appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Public Printer selects a Superintendent of Documents.
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