Underwood Dudley (born January 6, 1937) is a mathematician, formerly of DePauw University, who has written a number of research works and textbooks but is best known for his popular writing. Most notable are several books describing crank mathematics by people who think they have squared the circle or done other impossible things. These books, which alternate between appreciation and exasperation, include The Trisectors (MAA 1996, ), Mathematical Cranks (MAA 1992, ), and Numerology: Or, What Pythagoras Wrought (MAA 1997, ). They helped him win the Trevor Evans Award for expository writing from the Mathematical Association of America (MAA) in 1996.
Dudley has also written and edited straightforward mathematical works such as Readings for Calculus (MAA 1993, ) and Elementary Number Theory (W.H. Freeman 1978, ). He is the discoverer of the Dudley triangle.
Dudley is a native of New York City. He received bachelor's and master's degrees from the Carnegie Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan. His academic career consisted of two years at Ohio State University followed by thirty-seven at DePauw University, from which he retired in 2004. He has edited the College Mathematics Journal and the Pi Mu Epsilon Journal, and was a Polya Lecturer for the MAA for two years.
In 1995, Dudley was one of several people sued by William Dilworth for defamation because Mathematical Cranks included an analysis of Dilworth's "A correction in set theory", an attempted refutation of Cantor's diagonal method. The suit was dismissed in 1996 due to failure to state a claim.