Uganda Airlines was the flag carrier of Uganda. The airline was established in May 1976 (1976-05), and started operations in 1977. It was headquartered in Entebbe, Wakiso District, Uganda, and operated from its hub in Entebbe International Airport.

Attempts were made by the Government of Uganda to privatise the company, but all potential bidders pulled out, eventually leading to the liquidation of Uganda Airlines Corporation in May 2001 (2001-05). In 2013 there were plans from the government to revive the carrier, Following the Ugandan Civil Aviation Authority revoking Air Uganda's AOC over satety concerns in June 2014 (2014-06), discussions restarted in late 2014.

Uganda Airlines was founded as a subsidiary of the government-owned Ugandan Development Corporation (UDC) in May 1976 (1976-05) as a replacement of the services previously operated by East African Airways. It commenced operations in 1977, when Uganda Aviation Services (UAS), set up by British United Airways in 1965 but then a UDC subsidiary, was absorbed by Uganda Airlines, taking over the UAS route network. Following delivery of the first Boeing 707-320C in the late 1970s, new routes to Brussels, London and Rome were inaugurated. A second Boeing 707-320C entered the fleet in 1981. That year, new routes to Cairo, Cologne and Dubai were launched, followed by Dar es Salaam, Kilimanjaro and Nairobi in subsequent years.

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