USS Searaven (SS-196)

USS Searaven during trials, 13 May 1940.
History
United States
Name:	Searaven
Namesake:	sea raven
Builder:	Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, Maine
Laid down:	9 August 1938
Launched:	21 June 1939
Commissioned:	2 October 1939
Decommissioned:	11 December 1946
Struck:	21 October 1948
Fate:	Target for Operation Crossroads atomic bomb test, then sunk as a target off southern California on 11 September 1948
General characteristics
Class and type:	Sargo-class diesel-electric submarine
Displacement:	1,450 long tons (1,470 t) standard, surfaced, 2,350 long tons (2,390 t) submerged
Length:	310 ft 6 in (94.64 m)
Beam:	26 ft 10 in (8.18 m)
Draft:	16 ft 7 1⁄2 in (5.067 m)
Propulsion:	4 × General Motors Model 16-248 V16 diesel engines driving electrical generators, 2 × 126-cell Sargo batteries, 4 × high-speed General Electric electric motors with reduction gears two shafts, 5,400 shp (4.1 MW) surfaced, 2,740 shp (2.0 MW) submerged
Speed:	21 knots (39 km/h) surfaced, 8.75 knots (16 km/h) submerged
Range:	11,000 nmi (20,000 km; 13,000 mi) at 10 kn (19 km/h; 12 mph)
Endurance:	48 hours at 2 knots (3.7 km/h) submerged
Test depth:	250 ft (80 m)
Complement:	5 officers, 54 enlisted
Armament:	8 × 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes  (four forward, four aft)  24 torpedoes 1 × 3 in (76 mm)/50 deck gun four machine guns

USS Searaven (SS-196), a Sargo-class submarine, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the sea raven, a sculpin of the northern Atlantic coast of America.

Her keel was laid down on 9 August 1938 by the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine. She was launched on 21 June 1939 sponsored by Mrs. Julianna B. Cole, wife of Cyrus W. Cole, Commandant of the Portsmouth Navy Yard ; and commissioned on 2 October 1939, with Lieutenant Thomas G. Reamy in command.

In the two years preceding the United States's entry into World War II, Searaven operated in Philippine waters conducting training and maneuvers. At the outbreak of war between the United States and the Japanese Empire, the submarine was at the Cavite Navy Yard in Manila Bay. During her first two war patrols in December 1941 and the spring of 1942, she ran supplies to the American and Filipino troops besieged on the Bataan Peninsula and Corregidor Island. In a night action in the Molucca Strait on 3 February 1942, Searaven engaged a Japanese destroyer with Mark 14 torpedoes. Two official sources conflict, regarding the results of this engagement. If confirmed it would have been Searaven's first kill of the war.

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