USS Holland (SS-1)
USS Holland (SS-1) underway
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| History | |
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 United States
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| Name: |
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| Namesake: | John Philip Holland |
| Builder: | Crescent Shipyard, Elizabeth, New Jersey |
| Laid down: | November 1896 |
| Launched: | 17 May 1897 |
| Acquired: | 11 April 1900 |
| Commissioned: | 12 October 1900 |
| Decommissioned: | 17 July 1905 |
| Struck: | 21 November 1910 |
| Fate: | Sold 18 June 1913; on display in a park in Paterson, New Jersey until sold for scrap, 1932 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Submarine |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: | 53 ft 10 in (16.41 m) LOA |
| Beam: | 10 ft 4 in (3.15 m) extreme |
| Draft: | 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) |
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| Propulsion: |
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| Speed: |
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| Range: | |
| Test depth: | 75 feet (23 m) |
| Complement: | 6 |
| Armament: |
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USS Holland (SS-1) was the United States Navy's first modern commissioned submarine, although not the first military submarine of the United States, which was the 1775 submersible Turtle. The boat was originally laid down as Holland VI at the Crescent Shipyard of Elizabeth, New Jersey for John Holland's Holland Torpedo Boat Company, and launched on 17 May 1897. She was acquired by the USN on 11 April 1900 and commissioned on 12 October 1900, Lieutenant H. H. Caldwell commanding.
Holland was built at former Navy Lieutenant Lewis Nixon's Crescent Shipyard of Elizabeth, New Jersey for John Holland's Holland Torpedo Boat Company, which became the Electric Boat company in 1899. The vessel was built under the supervision of John Philip Holland, who designed the vessel and her details. Holland's keel was laid at Nixon's Crescent Shipyard with both men present. The two men worked together using many of John Holland's proven concepts and patents to make the submarine a reality, each man complementing the other's contributions to the development of the modern submarine. Important contributions were also made by Arthur L. Busch (or Du Busc), Crescent's superintendent.
Holland VI included many features that submarines of the early 20th century would exhibit, albeit in later, more advanced forms. There was a conning tower from which the boat and her weapons could be directed. Also, she had all the necessary ballast and trim tanks to make precise changes in depth and attitude underwater. Her crew was six men and maximum diving depth was 75 feet (23 m).
For armament, she had a reloadable 18 inch (457 mm) torpedo tube with three torpedoes and an 8.425-inch (214.0 mm) pneumatic dynamite gun in the bow (the dynamite gun's projectiles were called "aerial torpedoes"). A second dynamite gun in the stern was removed in 1900 to make room for an improved engine exhaust, prior to delivery to the Navy.
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