USS Caldwell (DD-69)
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USS Caldwell (DD-69).
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| History | |
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 United States
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| Name: | USS Caldwell (DD-69) |
| Namesake: | James R. Caldwell |
| Builder: | Mare Island Navy Yard |
| Laid down: | 9 December 1916 |
| Launched: | 10 July 1917 |
| Commissioned: | 1 December 1917 |
| Decommissioned: | 27 June 1922 |
| Struck: | 7 January 1936 |
| Fate: | Scrapped |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Caldwell-class destroyer |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: | 315 ft 6 in (96.2 m) |
| Beam: | 30 ft 7 in (9.32 m) |
| Draught: | 8 ft 10 in (2.7 m) |
| Installed power: |
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| Propulsion: | 2 shafts, 2 steam turbines |
| Speed: | 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) |
| Range: | 2,500 nautical miles (4,600 km; 2,900 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) |
| Complement: | 5 officers, 95 enlisted men |
| Armament: |
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USS Caldwell (DD-69) was the lead ship of her class of destroyers built for the United States Navy in the 1910s.
The Caldwells were a transitional design between the "thousand-tonners" of the Sampson-class and the mass-produced destroyers built during World War I. They introduced the flush-deck and were known as the first of the "flush deckers" that were so wet in heavy weather. The ship displaced 1,262 long tons (1,282 t) at standard load and 1,379 long tons (1,401 t) at deep load. They had an overall length of 315 feet 6 inches (96.2 m), a beam of 30 feet 7 inches (9.3 m) and a draught of 8 feet 10 inches (2.7 m). They had a crew of 5 officers and 95 enlisted men.
The propulsion arrangements differed between the ships of the class. Caldwell was powered by two Curtis steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four Thornycroft boilers. The turbines developed a total of 18,500 shaft horsepower (13,800 kW) and were designed to reach a speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph). The ships carried a maximum of 205 long tons (208 t) of fuel oil that gave them a range of 2,500 nautical miles (4,600 km; 2,900 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph).
The ships were armed with four 4-inch (102 mm) guns in single mounts and were fitted with two 1-pounder guns for anti-aircraft defense. Their primary weapon, though, was their torpedo battery of a dozen 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes in four triple mounts. During World War I, the 1-pounders were replaced by 3-inch (76 mm) anti-aircraft (AA) guns and a "Y-gun" depth charge thrower replaced the aft AA gun and the searchlight.
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