Type 94 75 mm Mountain Gun
| Japanese Type 94 75mm Mountain Gun | |
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| Type | Light, highly mobile pack artillery weapon suitable for horse or motor vehicle. |
| Place of origin | Empire of Japan |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1935–1945 |
| Used by | Imperial Japanese Army |
| Wars | Second Sino-Japanese War, World War II |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 544 kg (1,199 lb) Firing 495 kg (1,091 lb) Traveling |
| Length | 3.81 m (12 ft 6 in) Firing (trails open) 3.89 m (12 ft 9 in) (trails closed) 3.96 m (13 ft 0 in) Traveling |
| Barrel length | 1.56 m (5 ft 1 in) L20.8 |
| Width | 1.023 m (3 ft 4 in) Track 1.354 m (4 ft 5 in) Maximum |
| Height | 2 ft 11 in (0.89 m) |
| Crew | 18 to 41 |
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| Shell | HE, APHE, shrapnel, incendiary, illuminating, and pointed |
| Caliber | 75 mm (2.95 in) |
| Barrels | single |
| Breech | horizontal sliding. |
| Recoil | Hydro-pneumatic |
| Carriage | Split trail with demountable spade plates, and fixed trail blocks, 2 steel band tires on spoked wheels |
| Elevation | −10° to +45° |
| Traverse | 40° |
| Rate of fire | 15 rpm for 2 minutes 4 rpm for 15 minutes 2 rpm continuous |
| Muzzle velocity | (HE) 355 m/s (1,165 ft/s) |
| Effective firing range | (HE) 8 km (5.0 mi) |
| Sights | Panoramic |
The Type 94 75 mm Mountain Gun (九四式山砲 Kyūyon-shiki nanagō-miri Sanpō?) was a mountain gun used as a general-purpose infantry support gun by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. It superseded the Type 41 75 mm Mountain Gun to become the standard pack artillery piece of Japanese infantry divisions. It was superior to Type 41 in range and in weight. The Type 94 number was designated for the year the gun was accepted, 2594 in the Japanese imperial year calendar, or 1934 in the Gregorian calendar.
Combat experience with the Type 41 Mountain Gun during the invasion of Manchuria indicated to the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff that the existing primary mountain gun lacked not only in firepower and accuracy, but also was not as easily transportable under difficult terrain as had been hoped. The Army Technical Bureau was assigned a project to develop a replacement in 1931. The first prototype was tested in 1932, and the design released for production by September 1934 as the "Type 94". However, plans to re-equip all artillery regiments with the new weapon were continually postponed due to budgetary priorities.
The Type 94 75 mm mountain gun had a single piece gun barrel with sliding breechblock based on German Krupp designs and a long split-trail carriage with a hydro-pneumatic recoil mechanism based on French Schneider designs. The crew was partially protected by a gun shield made of 1/8-inch (3 mm) thick armor plate.
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